Date Log
Submitted
20 August 2023
Accepted
20 November 2023
Published
31 December 2023
The Minangkabau Entrepreneurs: The Trait Strategies for Marketing, Financial, and Operational Performance
Corresponding Author(s) : Miko Andi Wardana
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Abstract
Minangkabau entrepreneurs in Indonesia offer a unique perspective on the trait-based entrepreneurial lineage, as they are culturally reinforced by their distinctive cultural norms, including their psychological aspects. This study aims to investigate the performance of marketing, financial, and operational as observed from their creative self-efficacy, intellectual capital, innovative work behavior, and the mediating role of perceived organizational support. This study adopts a quantitative approach where questionnaires are distributed to 254 MSMEs for path analysis construction using PLS-SEM. This study provides evidence that Minangkabau entrepreneurs exhibit innovative behavior and provide trait-based support to their employees, further enhancing their marketing, financial, and operational performance. The government can accelerate the digital transformation and innovation of MSMEs in Indonesia by exploiting these traits in the construction of their policies.
Keywords
Minangkabau Entrepreneur
Performance
Trait
MSME
Wardana, M. A., Tresnasari, R., Parwita, G. B. S., Nurlia, N., & Yuwanda, T. (2023). The Minangkabau Entrepreneurs: The Trait Strategies for Marketing, Financial, and Operational Performance. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 10(2), 321–340. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v10i2.40744
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References
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Afsar, B., & Masood, M. (2018). Transformational Leadership, Creative Self-Efficacy, Trust in Supervisor, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Innovative Work Behavior of Nurses. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 54(1), 36–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886317711891
AlAjmi, M. K. (2022). The impact of digital leadership on teachers’ technology integration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. International Journal of Educational Research, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101928
Andri, G., Adawiyah, W. R., Purnomo, R., & Sholikhah, Z. (2020). The minang - Nomads businesses’ performance: The role of proactive personality, creativity and innovative work behavior. Jurnal Pengurusan, 58, 91–104. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2020-58-08
Arain, G. A., Bhatti, Z. A., Hameed, I., & Fang, Y. H. (2020). Top-down knowledge hiding and innovative work behavior (IWB): a three-way moderated-mediation analysis of self-efficacy and local/foreign status. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(2), 127–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2018-0687
Banmairuroy, W., Kritjaroen, T., & Homsombat, W. (2022). The effect of knowledge-oriented leadership and human resource development on sustainable competitive advantage through organizational innovation’s component factors: Evidence from Thailand ’s new S- curve industries. Asia Pacific Management Review, 27(3), 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2021.09.001
Bolodeoku, P. B., Igbinoba, E., Salau, P. O., Chukwudi, C. K., & Idia, S. E. (2022). Perceived usefulness of technology and multiple salient outcomes: the improbable case of oil and gas workers. Heliyon, 8(4), e09322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09322
Chaithanapat, P., Punnakitikashem, P., Khin Khin Oo, N. C., & Rakthin, S. (2022). Relationships among knowledge-oriented leadership, customer knowledge management, innovation quality and firm performance in SMEs. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100162
Chatzoglou, P., & Chatzoudes, D. (2017). investigation The role of innovation in building competitive advantages : an empirical investigation. European Journal of Innovation Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2017-0015
Chatzoglou, P., & Chatzoudes, D. (2018). The role of innovation in building competitive advantages: an empirical investigation. European Journal of Innovation Management, 21(1), 44–69. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2017-0015
Detnakarin, S., & Rurkkhum, S. (2019). Pay-for-performance and organizational citizenship behavior in Thai hotels: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 19(2), 340–361. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2019.15
Du, Y., Zhang, L., & Tekleab, A. G. (2018). Job strains, job control, and POS on employee performance: An interactionist perspective. Journal of Business Research, 82(November 2016), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.09.040
Elidemir, S. N., Ozturen, A., & Bayighomog, S. W. (2020). Innovative behaviors, employee creativity, and sustainable competitive advantage: A moderated mediation. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083295
Eviana, N., Achmadi, R., Yusrini, L., & Maeenuddin. (2022). Fostering Employee Engagement through Leadership and Perceived Organizational Support: Mediating Role of Employee Satisfaction in Travel Companies. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(2), 810–826. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.259
Friedman, Y., & Carmeli, A. (2017). The influence of decision comprehensiveness on innovative behaviors in small entrepreneurial firms : the power of connectivity. Innovation, 9338(September), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2017.1369141
García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2019). The empowerment–organizational performance link in local governments. Personnel Review, 48(1), 118–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2017-0273
Ghosh, V., Bharadwaja, M., Yadav, S., & Kabra, G. (2019). Team-member exchange and innovative work behaviour: The role of psychological empowerment and creative self-efficacy. International Journal of Innovation Science, 11(3), 344–361. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-12-2018-0132
Hair, J. F., Thomas, H. M., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). In Business and economics (second). SAGE Publication, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hasani, T., & O’Reilly, N. (2021). Analyzing antecedents affecting the organizational performance of start-up businesses. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(1), 107–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-08-2019-0116
Horkoff, J., Maiden, N. A., & Asboth, D. (2019). Creative goal modeling for innovative requirements. Information and Software Technology, 106, 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2018.09.005
Iqbal, A., Latif, K. F., & Ahmad, M. S. (2020). Servant leadership and employee innovative behaviour: exploring psychological pathways. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 41(6), 813–827. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2019-0474
Javed, B., Fatima, T., Khan, A. K., & Bashir, S. (2021). Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Creative Self-Efficacy. Journal of Creative Behavior, 55(3), 769–782. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.487
Li, Z., Long, C., & Er-Yue, T. (2018). When Does Job Insecurity Lead to Feedback-Seeking Behavior? The Counterintuitive Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support. Current Psychology, 37(4), 850–861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9558-z
Liu, W., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2018). Enhancing product innovation performance in a dysfunctional competitive environment: The roles of competitive strategies and market-based assets. Industrial Marketing Management, 73(December 2016), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.01.006
Mielniczuk, E., & Laguna, M. (2020). Positive Affect Mediates the Relationship Between Self-efficacy and Innovative Behavior in Entrepreneurs. Journal of Creative Behavior, 54(2), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.364
Munir, R., & Beh, L. S. (2019). Measuring and enhancing organisational creative climate, knowledge sharing, and innovative work behavior in startups development. Bottom Line, 32(4), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-03-2019-0076
Mura, M., Lettieri, E., Spiller, N., & Radaelli, G. (2012). Intellectual capital and innovative work behaviour: Opening the black box. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 4(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5772/54976
Narzary, G., & Palo, S. (2021). Testing interaction effects of intellectual capital and burnout on innovative work behaviour of professional nurses. Journal of Intellectual Capital, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-01-2019-0017
Newman, A., Tse, H. H. M., Schwarz, G., & Nielsen, I. (2018). The effects of employees’ creative self-efficacy on innovative behavior: The role of entrepreneurial leadership. Journal of Business Research, 89, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.04.001
Pokrovskaia, N. N., Korableva, O. N., Cappelli, L., & Fedorov, D. A. (2021). Digital regulation of intellectual capital for open innovation: Industries’ expert assessments of tacit knowledge for controlling and networking outcome. Future Internet, 13(2), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13020044
Roman, A. V., Van Wart, M., Wang, X. H., Liu, C., Kim, S., & McCarthy, A. (2019). Defining E-leadership as Competence in ICT-Mediated Communications: An Exploratory Assessment. Public Administration Review, 79(6), 853–866. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12980
Sameer, S. K. (2022). The Interplay of digitalization, organizational support, workforce agility and task performance in a blended working environment: evidence from Indian public sector organizations. Asian Business and Management, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-022-00205-2
Santoso, H., Elidjen, Abdinagoro, S. B., & Arief, M. (2019). The role of creative self-efficacy, transformational leadership, and digital literacy in supporting performance through innovative work behavior: Evidence from telecommunications industry. Management Science Letters, 9(Spceial Issue 13), 2305–2314. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.024
Schuckert, M., Kim, T. T., Paek, S., & Lee, G. (2018). Motivate to innovate: How authentic and transformational leaders influence employees’ psychological capital and service innovation behavior. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(2), 776–796. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2016-0282
Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R. (2016) Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. 7th Edition, Wiley & Sons, West Sussex.
Singh, M., & Sarkar, A. (2019). Role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between structural empowerment and innovative behavior. Management Research Review, 42(4), 521–538. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2018-0158
Sriboonlue, P., & Puangpronpitag, S. (2019). Towards Innovative SMEs: An Empirical Study of Regional Small and Medium Enterprises in Thailand. Procedia Computer Science, 158, 819–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.119
Stojcic, N., Hashi, I., & Orlic, E. (2018). Creativity, innovation effectiveness and productive efficiency in the UK. European Journal of Innovation Management, 21(4), 564–580. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-11-2017-0166
Taherparvar, N., Esmaeilpour, R., & Dostar, M. (2014). Customer knowledge management, innovation capability and business performance: A case study of the banking industry. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(3), 591–610. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2013-0446
Tarasawatpipat, C., & Mekhum, W. (2020). The role of human resource practices on the employee engagement: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(1), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.5530/srp.2020.1.47
Teng, C. C., Hu, C. M., & Chang, J. H. (2020). Triggering Creative Self-Efficacy to Increase Employee Innovation Behavior in the Hospitality Workplace. Journal of Creative Behavior, 54(4), 912–925. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.419
Tsai, K. H., & Huang, S. C. T. (2020). Service creativity reinforcement and firm performance: The roles of innovation intensity and contexts. Journal of Service Management, 31(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-02-2018-0041
Uddin, M. A., Priyankara, H. P. R., & Mahmood, M. (2020). Does a creative identity encourage innovative behaviour? Evidence from knowledge-intensive IT service firms. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(5), 877–894. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-06-2019-0168
Ullah, I., Mirza, B., & Jamil, A. (2021). The influence of ethical leadership on innovative performance: modeling the mediating role of intellectual capital. Journal of Management Development, 40(4), 273–292. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-08-2020-0277
Van Wart, M., Roman, A., Wang, X. H., & Liu, C. (2019). Operationalizing the definition of e-leadership: identifying the elements of e-leadership. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 85(1), 80–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852316681446
Wang, Z., Cui, T., Cai, S., & Ren, S. (2022). Team reflexivity, individual intellectual capital and employee innovative behavior: a multilevel moderated mediation. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(6), 1276–1295. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2020-0362
Zhao, W., & Huang, L. (2022). The impact of green transformational leadership, green HRM, green innovation and organizational support on the sustainable business performance: evidence from China. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja , 35(1), 6121–6141. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2047086
References
Afsar, B., & Masood, M. (2018). Transformational Leadership, Creative Self-Efficacy, Trust in Supervisor, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Innovative Work Behavior of Nurses. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 54(1), 36–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886317711891
AlAjmi, M. K. (2022). The impact of digital leadership on teachers’ technology integration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. International Journal of Educational Research, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101928
Andri, G., Adawiyah, W. R., Purnomo, R., & Sholikhah, Z. (2020). The minang - Nomads businesses’ performance: The role of proactive personality, creativity and innovative work behavior. Jurnal Pengurusan, 58, 91–104. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2020-58-08
Arain, G. A., Bhatti, Z. A., Hameed, I., & Fang, Y. H. (2020). Top-down knowledge hiding and innovative work behavior (IWB): a three-way moderated-mediation analysis of self-efficacy and local/foreign status. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(2), 127–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2018-0687
Banmairuroy, W., Kritjaroen, T., & Homsombat, W. (2022). The effect of knowledge-oriented leadership and human resource development on sustainable competitive advantage through organizational innovation’s component factors: Evidence from Thailand ’s new S- curve industries. Asia Pacific Management Review, 27(3), 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2021.09.001
Bolodeoku, P. B., Igbinoba, E., Salau, P. O., Chukwudi, C. K., & Idia, S. E. (2022). Perceived usefulness of technology and multiple salient outcomes: the improbable case of oil and gas workers. Heliyon, 8(4), e09322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09322
Chaithanapat, P., Punnakitikashem, P., Khin Khin Oo, N. C., & Rakthin, S. (2022). Relationships among knowledge-oriented leadership, customer knowledge management, innovation quality and firm performance in SMEs. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100162
Chatzoglou, P., & Chatzoudes, D. (2017). investigation The role of innovation in building competitive advantages : an empirical investigation. European Journal of Innovation Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2017-0015
Chatzoglou, P., & Chatzoudes, D. (2018). The role of innovation in building competitive advantages: an empirical investigation. European Journal of Innovation Management, 21(1), 44–69. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2017-0015
Detnakarin, S., & Rurkkhum, S. (2019). Pay-for-performance and organizational citizenship behavior in Thai hotels: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 19(2), 340–361. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2019.15
Du, Y., Zhang, L., & Tekleab, A. G. (2018). Job strains, job control, and POS on employee performance: An interactionist perspective. Journal of Business Research, 82(November 2016), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.09.040
Elidemir, S. N., Ozturen, A., & Bayighomog, S. W. (2020). Innovative behaviors, employee creativity, and sustainable competitive advantage: A moderated mediation. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083295
Eviana, N., Achmadi, R., Yusrini, L., & Maeenuddin. (2022). Fostering Employee Engagement through Leadership and Perceived Organizational Support: Mediating Role of Employee Satisfaction in Travel Companies. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(2), 810–826. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.259
Friedman, Y., & Carmeli, A. (2017). The influence of decision comprehensiveness on innovative behaviors in small entrepreneurial firms : the power of connectivity. Innovation, 9338(September), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2017.1369141
García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2019). The empowerment–organizational performance link in local governments. Personnel Review, 48(1), 118–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2017-0273
Ghosh, V., Bharadwaja, M., Yadav, S., & Kabra, G. (2019). Team-member exchange and innovative work behaviour: The role of psychological empowerment and creative self-efficacy. International Journal of Innovation Science, 11(3), 344–361. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-12-2018-0132
Hair, J. F., Thomas, H. M., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). In Business and economics (second). SAGE Publication, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hasani, T., & O’Reilly, N. (2021). Analyzing antecedents affecting the organizational performance of start-up businesses. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(1), 107–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-08-2019-0116
Horkoff, J., Maiden, N. A., & Asboth, D. (2019). Creative goal modeling for innovative requirements. Information and Software Technology, 106, 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2018.09.005
Iqbal, A., Latif, K. F., & Ahmad, M. S. (2020). Servant leadership and employee innovative behaviour: exploring psychological pathways. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 41(6), 813–827. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2019-0474
Javed, B., Fatima, T., Khan, A. K., & Bashir, S. (2021). Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Creative Self-Efficacy. Journal of Creative Behavior, 55(3), 769–782. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.487
Li, Z., Long, C., & Er-Yue, T. (2018). When Does Job Insecurity Lead to Feedback-Seeking Behavior? The Counterintuitive Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support. Current Psychology, 37(4), 850–861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9558-z
Liu, W., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2018). Enhancing product innovation performance in a dysfunctional competitive environment: The roles of competitive strategies and market-based assets. Industrial Marketing Management, 73(December 2016), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.01.006
Mielniczuk, E., & Laguna, M. (2020). Positive Affect Mediates the Relationship Between Self-efficacy and Innovative Behavior in Entrepreneurs. Journal of Creative Behavior, 54(2), 267–278. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.364
Munir, R., & Beh, L. S. (2019). Measuring and enhancing organisational creative climate, knowledge sharing, and innovative work behavior in startups development. Bottom Line, 32(4), 269–289. https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-03-2019-0076
Mura, M., Lettieri, E., Spiller, N., & Radaelli, G. (2012). Intellectual capital and innovative work behaviour: Opening the black box. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 4(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5772/54976
Narzary, G., & Palo, S. (2021). Testing interaction effects of intellectual capital and burnout on innovative work behaviour of professional nurses. Journal of Intellectual Capital, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-01-2019-0017
Newman, A., Tse, H. H. M., Schwarz, G., & Nielsen, I. (2018). The effects of employees’ creative self-efficacy on innovative behavior: The role of entrepreneurial leadership. Journal of Business Research, 89, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.04.001
Pokrovskaia, N. N., Korableva, O. N., Cappelli, L., & Fedorov, D. A. (2021). Digital regulation of intellectual capital for open innovation: Industries’ expert assessments of tacit knowledge for controlling and networking outcome. Future Internet, 13(2), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13020044
Roman, A. V., Van Wart, M., Wang, X. H., Liu, C., Kim, S., & McCarthy, A. (2019). Defining E-leadership as Competence in ICT-Mediated Communications: An Exploratory Assessment. Public Administration Review, 79(6), 853–866. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12980
Sameer, S. K. (2022). The Interplay of digitalization, organizational support, workforce agility and task performance in a blended working environment: evidence from Indian public sector organizations. Asian Business and Management, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-022-00205-2
Santoso, H., Elidjen, Abdinagoro, S. B., & Arief, M. (2019). The role of creative self-efficacy, transformational leadership, and digital literacy in supporting performance through innovative work behavior: Evidence from telecommunications industry. Management Science Letters, 9(Spceial Issue 13), 2305–2314. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.024
Schuckert, M., Kim, T. T., Paek, S., & Lee, G. (2018). Motivate to innovate: How authentic and transformational leaders influence employees’ psychological capital and service innovation behavior. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(2), 776–796. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2016-0282
Sekaran, U. and Bougie, R. (2016) Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. 7th Edition, Wiley & Sons, West Sussex.
Singh, M., & Sarkar, A. (2019). Role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between structural empowerment and innovative behavior. Management Research Review, 42(4), 521–538. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2018-0158
Sriboonlue, P., & Puangpronpitag, S. (2019). Towards Innovative SMEs: An Empirical Study of Regional Small and Medium Enterprises in Thailand. Procedia Computer Science, 158, 819–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.119
Stojcic, N., Hashi, I., & Orlic, E. (2018). Creativity, innovation effectiveness and productive efficiency in the UK. European Journal of Innovation Management, 21(4), 564–580. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-11-2017-0166
Taherparvar, N., Esmaeilpour, R., & Dostar, M. (2014). Customer knowledge management, innovation capability and business performance: A case study of the banking industry. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(3), 591–610. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2013-0446
Tarasawatpipat, C., & Mekhum, W. (2020). The role of human resource practices on the employee engagement: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(1), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.5530/srp.2020.1.47
Teng, C. C., Hu, C. M., & Chang, J. H. (2020). Triggering Creative Self-Efficacy to Increase Employee Innovation Behavior in the Hospitality Workplace. Journal of Creative Behavior, 54(4), 912–925. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.419
Tsai, K. H., & Huang, S. C. T. (2020). Service creativity reinforcement and firm performance: The roles of innovation intensity and contexts. Journal of Service Management, 31(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-02-2018-0041
Uddin, M. A., Priyankara, H. P. R., & Mahmood, M. (2020). Does a creative identity encourage innovative behaviour? Evidence from knowledge-intensive IT service firms. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(5), 877–894. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-06-2019-0168
Ullah, I., Mirza, B., & Jamil, A. (2021). The influence of ethical leadership on innovative performance: modeling the mediating role of intellectual capital. Journal of Management Development, 40(4), 273–292. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-08-2020-0277
Van Wart, M., Roman, A., Wang, X. H., & Liu, C. (2019). Operationalizing the definition of e-leadership: identifying the elements of e-leadership. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 85(1), 80–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852316681446
Wang, Z., Cui, T., Cai, S., & Ren, S. (2022). Team reflexivity, individual intellectual capital and employee innovative behavior: a multilevel moderated mediation. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(6), 1276–1295. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2020-0362
Zhao, W., & Huang, L. (2022). The impact of green transformational leadership, green HRM, green innovation and organizational support on the sustainable business performance: evidence from China. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja , 35(1), 6121–6141. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2047086
AlAjmi, M. K. (2022). The impact of digital leadership on teachers’ technology integration during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. International Journal of Educational Research, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101928
Andri, G., Adawiyah, W. R., Purnomo, R., & Sholikhah, Z. (2020). The minang - Nomads businesses’ performance: The role of proactive personality, creativity and innovative work behavior. Jurnal Pengurusan, 58, 91–104. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2020-58-08
Arain, G. A., Bhatti, Z. A., Hameed, I., & Fang, Y. H. (2020). Top-down knowledge hiding and innovative work behavior (IWB): a three-way moderated-mediation analysis of self-efficacy and local/foreign status. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(2), 127–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-11-2018-0687
Banmairuroy, W., Kritjaroen, T., & Homsombat, W. (2022). The effect of knowledge-oriented leadership and human resource development on sustainable competitive advantage through organizational innovation’s component factors: Evidence from Thailand ’s new S- curve industries. Asia Pacific Management Review, 27(3), 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2021.09.001
Bolodeoku, P. B., Igbinoba, E., Salau, P. O., Chukwudi, C. K., & Idia, S. E. (2022). Perceived usefulness of technology and multiple salient outcomes: the improbable case of oil and gas workers. Heliyon, 8(4), e09322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09322
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