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Copyright (c) 2025 Anita Firdaus, Heru Kurnianto Tjahjono (Author)

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The Effect of Abusive Supervision on Turnover Intention with Employee Engagement as Mediation
Corresponding Author(s) : Anita Firdaus
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): December
Abstract
Supportive leadership enhances organizational performance, whereas abusive supervision undermines employee engagement and increases turnover intention. This study advances leadership and human resource research by applying Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory to clarify how employee engagement operates as both a psychological resource and a mediating mechanism under abusive supervisory conditions. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 195 nursing staff at Stella Maris Hospital Makassar through purposive sampling and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 24. The results show that abusive supervision significantly elevates turnover intention while reducing employee engagement. Employee engagement directly lowers turnover intention and partially mediates the relationship between abusive supervision and employees’ intention to leave. These findings extend COR Theory by empirically demonstrating the resource-depleting role of destructive leadership in healthcare settings. Practically, the study highlights the importance of minimizing abusive supervisory behaviors and strengthening supportive leadership to preserve engagement and reduce nurse turnover.
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- Adityarini, D., Andry, A., & Adhikara, M. . A. (2020). Hallo Effect in the Turnover Intention of Nurses at Hospital “X.” Jurnal Medicoeticolegal Dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit, 9(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmmr.91119
- Al Sabei, S. D., Labrague, L. J., Miner Ross, A., Karkada, S., Albashayreh, A., Al Masroori, F., & Al Hashmi, N. (2020). Nursing Work Environment, Turnover Intention, Job Burnout, and Quality of Care: The Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52(1), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12528
- Alblihed, M., & Alzghaibi, H. A. (2022). The Impact of Job Stress, Role Ambiguity and Work–Life Imbalance on Turnover Intention during COVID-19: A Case Study of Frontline Health Workers in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013132
- Ali, S., Yongjian, P., Shahzad, F., Hussain, I., Zhang, D., Fareed, Z., Hameed, F., & Wang, C. (2022). Abusive Supervision and Turnover Intentions: A Mediation-Moderation Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(17), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710626
- Bai, Y., Zhou, J., & He, W. (2023). How Employee Job Burnout, Work Engagement, and Turnover Intention Relate to Career Plateau during the Epidemic. Social Sciences, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070394
- Baloch, Q. B., Shah, S. N., Kiran, S., & Mahar, S. (2023). Impact of Abusive Supervision on Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction in the Tourism Industry: The Mediating Role of Employee Silence. International Journal of Kashmir Studies IJKS, 5(1). www.kprijk.org
- Blau, P. M. (1964). Justice in Social Exchange. Sociological Inquiry, 34(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682X.1964.tb00583.x
- Colquitt, J. A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386–400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386
- Dewi, N. M. U. K., Januraga, P. P., & Suarjana, K. (2020). The Relationship Between Nurse Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: A Private Hospital Case Study in Bali, Indonesia. 22(Ishr 2019), 599–603. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200215.117
- Dhali, K., Al Masud, A., Hossain, M. A., Lipy, N. S., & Chaity, N. S. (2023). The effects of abusive supervision on the behaviors of employees in an organization. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 8(1), 100695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100695
- Ekawati, E., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2019). The Influence of Procedural Justice and Organizational Climate on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) With Employee Engagement as a Mediator. Account and Financial Management Journal, 4(01), 1847–1853.
- Ekhsan, M. (2019). Effect Of Job Embeddedness, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment On Employee Turnover Intention. Journal of Business, Management, and Accounting, 5(1), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.15408/tazkiya.v22i1.8154
- Falahat, M., Gee, S. K., & Liew, C. M. (2019). A model for turnover intention: Banking industry in Malaysia. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 24(October), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.21315/aamj2019.24.s2.6
- Fitriasari, N. (2020). Spirituality in The Workplace: Solution to Reduce Nurse Turnover Intention. Jurnal Medicoeticolegal Dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit, 9(2), 146–153. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmmr.92125
- Frank, F. D., Finnegan, R. P., Taylor, C. R., & Talent, K. (2004). The Race for talent: Retaining and Engaging Workers in the 21st Century. Human Resource Planning, 27(3), 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.050
- Fulaedzah, I. A., Tjahjono, H. K., & DA, M. K. P. R. (2022). Employee Engagement Mediating Self Efficacy and Quality of Work Life on Contact Center’s Burnout. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 1(7), 881–895. https://doi.org/10.55324/iss.v1i7.171
- Gazali, G., & Zainurrafiqi, Z. (2023). The Effect of Abusive Supervision on Leadership Identification and Customer Orientation and Its Impact on Job Performance. Integrated Journal of Business and Economics, 7(2), 404–417. https://doi.org/10.33019/ijbe.v7i2.498
- Ghozali, I. (2017). Model Persamaan Struktural Konsep Dan Aplikasi Program AMOS 24 (Edisi 7). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
- Hair Jr., J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2018). Multivariate data analysis. In Book (8th (ed), Vol. 87, Issue 4). London, United Kingdom: Cengage Learning, EMEA. www.cengage.com/highered
- Harris, K. J., Kacmar, K. M., & Zivnuska, S. (2007). An investigation of abusive supervision as a predictor of performance and the meaning of work as a moderator of the relationship. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 252–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.007
- Hasnah, C. M., Panjaitan, N. K., & Ekananta, A. (2023). The Influence of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Turnover Intentions Hospital Nurses. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 9(2), 422–430. https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.9.2.422
- Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of Resources: A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
- Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J. P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of resources in the organizational context: The reality of resources and their consequences. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(April 2024), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
- Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Condition Of Personal Engagement and. Academy of Management Journal, 33(14), 692–724.
- Kim, Y., & Kim, H. Y. (2021). Retention rates and the associated risk factors of turnover among newly hired nurses at south korean hospitals: A retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910013
- Kirrane, M., Kilroy, S., & O’Connor, C. (2019). The moderating effect of team psychological empowerment on the relationship between abusive supervision and engagement. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 40(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-07-2018-0252
- Kurniawaty, & Tawil, M. R. (2023). The Effect of Effort-Reward Imbalance on Turnover Intention Mediated by Burnout and Work Stress in Contract Nurses. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 21(3), 763–783.
- Lim, P. K., Koay, K. Y., & Chong, W. Y. (2021). The effects of abusive supervision, emotional exhaustion and organizational commitment on cyberloafing: a moderated-mediation examination. Internet Research, 31(2), 497–518. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-03-2020-0165
- Lyu, D., Ji, L., Zheng, Q., Yu, B., & Fan, Y. (2019). Abusive supervision and turnover intention: Mediating effects of psychological empowerment of nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(2), 198–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.12.005
- Lyu, Y., Zhu, H., Zhong, H. J., & Hu, E. (2016). Abusive supervision and customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: The roles of hostile attribution bias and work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.001
- Mackey, J. D., Frieder, R. E., Brees, J. R., & Martinko, M. J. (2017). Abusive Supervision: A Meta-Analysis and Empirical Review. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1940–1965. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315573997
- Martaningsih, D. R., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2022). The Influence of Diversity-Oriented Leadership on Employee’s Engagement Through Strategic Internal Communication During the Covid-19 Outbreak as An Intervention Variable. Malaysian Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 1(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.56532/mjbem.v1i1.2
- Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.408
- Mudiono, Qamari, I. N., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2021). The Meaning of Work Life Enrichment and its impact on Turnover Intention. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 4(4), 258–268. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v4i4.268
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- NSI Nursing Solutions. (2023). National health care retention and RN staffing report. NSI Nursing Solutions,Inc, 717. www.nsinursingsolutions.com.
- Oliveira, L. B., & Najnudel, P. S. (2023). The influence of abusive supervision on employee engagement, stress and turnover intention. Revista de Gestao, 30(1), 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-02-2021-0025
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References
Adityarini, D., Andry, A., & Adhikara, M. . A. (2020). Hallo Effect in the Turnover Intention of Nurses at Hospital “X.” Jurnal Medicoeticolegal Dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit, 9(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmmr.91119
Al Sabei, S. D., Labrague, L. J., Miner Ross, A., Karkada, S., Albashayreh, A., Al Masroori, F., & Al Hashmi, N. (2020). Nursing Work Environment, Turnover Intention, Job Burnout, and Quality of Care: The Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52(1), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12528
Alblihed, M., & Alzghaibi, H. A. (2022). The Impact of Job Stress, Role Ambiguity and Work–Life Imbalance on Turnover Intention during COVID-19: A Case Study of Frontline Health Workers in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013132
Ali, S., Yongjian, P., Shahzad, F., Hussain, I., Zhang, D., Fareed, Z., Hameed, F., & Wang, C. (2022). Abusive Supervision and Turnover Intentions: A Mediation-Moderation Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(17), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710626
Bai, Y., Zhou, J., & He, W. (2023). How Employee Job Burnout, Work Engagement, and Turnover Intention Relate to Career Plateau during the Epidemic. Social Sciences, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070394
Baloch, Q. B., Shah, S. N., Kiran, S., & Mahar, S. (2023). Impact of Abusive Supervision on Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction in the Tourism Industry: The Mediating Role of Employee Silence. International Journal of Kashmir Studies IJKS, 5(1). www.kprijk.org
Blau, P. M. (1964). Justice in Social Exchange. Sociological Inquiry, 34(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682X.1964.tb00583.x
Colquitt, J. A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386–400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386
Dewi, N. M. U. K., Januraga, P. P., & Suarjana, K. (2020). The Relationship Between Nurse Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: A Private Hospital Case Study in Bali, Indonesia. 22(Ishr 2019), 599–603. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200215.117
Dhali, K., Al Masud, A., Hossain, M. A., Lipy, N. S., & Chaity, N. S. (2023). The effects of abusive supervision on the behaviors of employees in an organization. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 8(1), 100695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100695
Ekawati, E., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2019). The Influence of Procedural Justice and Organizational Climate on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) With Employee Engagement as a Mediator. Account and Financial Management Journal, 4(01), 1847–1853.
Ekhsan, M. (2019). Effect Of Job Embeddedness, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment On Employee Turnover Intention. Journal of Business, Management, and Accounting, 5(1), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.15408/tazkiya.v22i1.8154
Falahat, M., Gee, S. K., & Liew, C. M. (2019). A model for turnover intention: Banking industry in Malaysia. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 24(October), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.21315/aamj2019.24.s2.6
Fitriasari, N. (2020). Spirituality in The Workplace: Solution to Reduce Nurse Turnover Intention. Jurnal Medicoeticolegal Dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit, 9(2), 146–153. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmmr.92125
Frank, F. D., Finnegan, R. P., Taylor, C. R., & Talent, K. (2004). The Race for talent: Retaining and Engaging Workers in the 21st Century. Human Resource Planning, 27(3), 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.050
Fulaedzah, I. A., Tjahjono, H. K., & DA, M. K. P. R. (2022). Employee Engagement Mediating Self Efficacy and Quality of Work Life on Contact Center’s Burnout. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 1(7), 881–895. https://doi.org/10.55324/iss.v1i7.171
Gazali, G., & Zainurrafiqi, Z. (2023). The Effect of Abusive Supervision on Leadership Identification and Customer Orientation and Its Impact on Job Performance. Integrated Journal of Business and Economics, 7(2), 404–417. https://doi.org/10.33019/ijbe.v7i2.498
Ghozali, I. (2017). Model Persamaan Struktural Konsep Dan Aplikasi Program AMOS 24 (Edisi 7). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hair Jr., J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2018). Multivariate data analysis. In Book (8th (ed), Vol. 87, Issue 4). London, United Kingdom: Cengage Learning, EMEA. www.cengage.com/highered
Harris, K. J., Kacmar, K. M., & Zivnuska, S. (2007). An investigation of abusive supervision as a predictor of performance and the meaning of work as a moderator of the relationship. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 252–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.007
Hasnah, C. M., Panjaitan, N. K., & Ekananta, A. (2023). The Influence of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Turnover Intentions Hospital Nurses. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 9(2), 422–430. https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.9.2.422
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of Resources: A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J. P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of resources in the organizational context: The reality of resources and their consequences. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(April 2024), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Condition Of Personal Engagement and. Academy of Management Journal, 33(14), 692–724.
Kim, Y., & Kim, H. Y. (2021). Retention rates and the associated risk factors of turnover among newly hired nurses at south korean hospitals: A retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910013
Kirrane, M., Kilroy, S., & O’Connor, C. (2019). The moderating effect of team psychological empowerment on the relationship between abusive supervision and engagement. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 40(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-07-2018-0252
Kurniawaty, & Tawil, M. R. (2023). The Effect of Effort-Reward Imbalance on Turnover Intention Mediated by Burnout and Work Stress in Contract Nurses. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 21(3), 763–783.
Lim, P. K., Koay, K. Y., & Chong, W. Y. (2021). The effects of abusive supervision, emotional exhaustion and organizational commitment on cyberloafing: a moderated-mediation examination. Internet Research, 31(2), 497–518. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-03-2020-0165
Lyu, D., Ji, L., Zheng, Q., Yu, B., & Fan, Y. (2019). Abusive supervision and turnover intention: Mediating effects of psychological empowerment of nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(2), 198–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.12.005
Lyu, Y., Zhu, H., Zhong, H. J., & Hu, E. (2016). Abusive supervision and customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: The roles of hostile attribution bias and work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.001
Mackey, J. D., Frieder, R. E., Brees, J. R., & Martinko, M. J. (2017). Abusive Supervision: A Meta-Analysis and Empirical Review. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1940–1965. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315573997
Martaningsih, D. R., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2022). The Influence of Diversity-Oriented Leadership on Employee’s Engagement Through Strategic Internal Communication During the Covid-19 Outbreak as An Intervention Variable. Malaysian Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 1(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.56532/mjbem.v1i1.2
Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.408
Mudiono, Qamari, I. N., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2021). The Meaning of Work Life Enrichment and its impact on Turnover Intention. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 4(4), 258–268. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v4i4.268
Na-Nan, K., Kanthong, S. N., & Dhienhirun, A. (2020). Development and validation of an instrument to measure turnover intention of Generation Y in Thailand. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(3), 682–698. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-12-2019-1972
NSI Nursing Solutions. (2023). National health care retention and RN staffing report. NSI Nursing Solutions,Inc, 717. www.nsinursingsolutions.com.
Oliveira, L. B., & Najnudel, P. S. (2023). The influence of abusive supervision on employee engagement, stress and turnover intention. Revista de Gestao, 30(1), 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-02-2021-0025
Osei, H. V., Ofori, H., Otsen, E., Adjei, T., & Odoom, L. (2022). The effects of leaders’ abusive supervision on employees’ work engagement: a moderated-mediation model of employees’ silence and employees’ proactive personalities. Leadership in Health Services, 35(4), 519–536. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-03-2022-0021
Özkan, A. H. (2022). Abusive supervision climate and turnover intention: Is it my coworkers or my supervisor ostracizing me? Journal of Nursing Management, 30(6), 1462–1469. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13398
Rahman, M. M. (2023). The interplay of abusive supervision and coworker incivility on the turnover intention of frontliners: a mediation effect of work stress. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-11-2022-0500
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
S, S., & M M, S. (2021). Influence of empowerment, psychological contract and employee engagement on voluntary turnover intentions. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(2), 325–349. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2019-0189
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