Leading the Borderline: Transformational Leadership and Performance Reform in Immigration Bureaucracy

Morina Harahap; Chablullah Wibisono; Bambang Satriawan; Nolla Puspita Dewi

doi:10.24252/minds.v12i1.56513

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): June

Issue Published : 9 June 2025

Date Log

Submitted

1 May 2025

Accepted

15 June 2025

Published

30 June 2025

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Leading the Borderline: Transformational Leadership and Performance Reform in Immigration Bureaucracy

https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v12i1.56513

Morina Harahap

Universitas Batam, Indonesia

Chablullah Wibisono

Universitas Batam, Indonesia

Bambang Satriawan

Universitas Batam , Indonesia

Nolla Puspita Dewi

Universitas Batam, Indonesia

Corresponding Author(s) : Morina Harahap

[email protected]

Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi, Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): June
Article Published : 30 June 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the transformation of employee performance within Indonesia’s immigration sector, focusing on the Riau Islands Province, Indonesia. It examines how transformational leadership, organizational culture, and innovation interact within bureaucratic settings to inform evolving models of public-sector performance. A mixed-method Sequential Explanatory Design is employed, integrating structural equation modelling (LISREL; n = 247) with qualitative analysis via NVivo 12 Plus. Results reveal that transformational leadership and digital innovation exert a significant positive influence on employee performance, while motivational and trust-related factors enhance service effectiveness. These findings contribute to the evolving discourse on leadership and performance in high-stakes bureaucratic contexts, particularly within border governance. The study underscores the critical role of leadership in driving adaptive capabilities and cultural alignment within complex government institutions. For policy makers and public-sector managers, the results offer actionable insight into developing more responsive, accountable, and innovation-ready immigration services in peripheral and strategic regions.

Keywords

Transformational Leadership Employee Performance Governance Innovation Organization Culture

Harahap, M., Wibisono, C., Satriawan, B., & Dewi, N. P. (2025). Leading the Borderline: Transformational Leadership and Performance Reform in Immigration Bureaucracy. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 12(1), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v12i1.56513

Download Citation

References

Agung, A. A. P., & Yuesti, A. (2019). Buku Metode Penelitian Bisnis Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif. eprints.unmas.ac.id. Retrieved from http://eprints.unmas.ac.id/id/eprint/494/1/2019 Metode Penelitian Bisnis Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif.pdf
Allsop, D. B., Chelladurai, J. M., Kimball, E. R., Marks, L. D., & Hendricks, J. J. (2022). Qualitative methods with Nvivo software: A practical guide for analyzing qualitative data. Psych, 4(2), 142–159.
Arifin, R., Zulfa, E. A., Hanita, M., & Runturambi, A. J. S. (2024). Unveiling Indonesia’s migration and border governance: Challenges and imperatives post-pandemic. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 101202.
Butarbutar, P. H., Yusnita, N., & Herdiyana, H. (2022). The effect of organizational culture and transformational leadership on employee performance through job satisfaction. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(4), 28999–29011.
Fadli, F., Nugraha, M. Q., & Setiani, M. Y. (2020). Struktur, Budaya dan Kinerja Organisasi di Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Pemerintah Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Intervensi Sosial Dan Pembangunan (JISP). https://doi.org/10.30596/JISP.V1I2.5350
Fatemi, S. Z., Sadeghian, S., Ganji, S. F. G., & Johnson, L. W. (2022). Do different genders’ knowledge sharing behaviors drive different innovative behavior? The moderating effect of social capital. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(2), 592–606.
Gustiah, I. P., Saluy, A. B., Kasmir, K., & Nawangsari, L. C. (2024). Effect Of Career Path On Organizational Sustainability Through Innovative Work Behavior. Adpebi International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences, 3(1), 21–31.
Hadiyan, M. R., & Maharani, A. S. P. (2024). Redefining Paradiplomacy Strategy to Strengthen Island Governance Autonomy: The Case of Riau Islands, Indonesia. Journal of Maritime Policy Science, 1(3), 147–159.
Hertzberg, S. N. W. (2024). Economic assessments and quantitative modelling of alternative treatments for retinal disorders in Norway.
Jufrizen, J., & Hutasuhut, M. R. (2022). The Role of Mediation Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Effect of Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 5(2), 162–183.
Khadija, M. A., Jayanti, I. S. D., Kartikasari, H., & Nimah, F. U. (2024). Bimbingan Tata Kelola Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE) Bidang Kearsipan: Tinjauan Sistem Informasi Kearsipan Dinamis Terintegrasi (SRIKANDI). Bubungan Tinggi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. https://doi.org/10.20527/btjpm.v6i1.9812

References

Agung, A. A. P., & Yuesti, A. (2019). Buku Metode Penelitian Bisnis Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif. eprints.unmas.ac.id. Retrieved from http://eprints.unmas.ac.id/id/eprint/494/1/2019 Metode Penelitian Bisnis Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif.pdf

Allsop, D. B., Chelladurai, J. M., Kimball, E. R., Marks, L. D., & Hendricks, J. J. (2022). Qualitative methods with Nvivo software: A practical guide for analyzing qualitative data. Psych, 4(2), 142–159.

Arifin, R., Zulfa, E. A., Hanita, M., & Runturambi, A. J. S. (2024). Unveiling Indonesia’s migration and border governance: Challenges and imperatives post-pandemic. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 101202.

Butarbutar, P. H., Yusnita, N., & Herdiyana, H. (2022). The effect of organizational culture and transformational leadership on employee performance through job satisfaction. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(4), 28999–29011.

Fadli, F., Nugraha, M. Q., & Setiani, M. Y. (2020). Struktur, Budaya dan Kinerja Organisasi di Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Pemerintah Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Intervensi Sosial Dan Pembangunan (JISP). https://doi.org/10.30596/JISP.V1I2.5350

Fatemi, S. Z., Sadeghian, S., Ganji, S. F. G., & Johnson, L. W. (2022). Do different genders’ knowledge sharing behaviors drive different innovative behavior? The moderating effect of social capital. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(2), 592–606.

Gustiah, I. P., Saluy, A. B., Kasmir, K., & Nawangsari, L. C. (2024). Effect Of Career Path On Organizational Sustainability Through Innovative Work Behavior. Adpebi International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences, 3(1), 21–31.

Hadiyan, M. R., & Maharani, A. S. P. (2024). Redefining Paradiplomacy Strategy to Strengthen Island Governance Autonomy: The Case of Riau Islands, Indonesia. Journal of Maritime Policy Science, 1(3), 147–159.

Hertzberg, S. N. W. (2024). Economic assessments and quantitative modelling of alternative treatments for retinal disorders in Norway.

Jufrizen, J., & Hutasuhut, M. R. (2022). The Role of Mediation Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Effect of Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 5(2), 162–183.

Khadija, M. A., Jayanti, I. S. D., Kartikasari, H., & Nimah, F. U. (2024). Bimbingan Tata Kelola Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE) Bidang Kearsipan: Tinjauan Sistem Informasi Kearsipan Dinamis Terintegrasi (SRIKANDI). Bubungan Tinggi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. https://doi.org/10.20527/btjpm.v6i1.9812