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Copyright (c) 2025 Dela Januarani, Marina Sulastiana, Zainal Abidin (Author)

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Factor Affecting Psychological Empowerment in the Public Sector: A Systematic Literature Review
Corresponding Author(s) : Dela Januarani
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): June
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- Abdulrab, M., Zumrah, A. R., Almaamari, Q., Al-Tahitah, A. N., Isaac, O., & Ameen, A. (2018). The role of psychological empowerment as a mediating variable between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behaviour in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions. International Journal of Management and Human Science (IJMHS), 2(3), 2590–3748.
- Afram, J., Manresa, A., & Mas-Machuca, M. (2022). The impact of employee empowerment on organisational performance: The mediating role of employee engagement and organisational citizenship behaviour. Intangible Capital, 18(1), 96–119. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1781
- Al Nahyan, M. T., Al Suwaidi, M. S., Al Zaabi, N., Al Qubaisi, F., & Jabeen, F. (2024). Managerial coaching and innovative work behavior: mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of task interdependence. Evidence-Based HRM. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-12-2022-0293
- Al Otaibi, S. M., Amin, M., Winterton, J., Bolt, E. E. T., & Cafferkey, K. (2023). The role of empowering leadership and psychological empowerment on nurses’ work engagement and affective commitment. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(6), 2536–2560. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-11-2021-3049
- AlHammadi, A., & Abu Elanain, H. M. (2024). Enhancing organizational citizenship behavior in a non-western context of the UAE: the role of organizational justice, leadership and psychological empowerment. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 18(3), 666–687. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-08-2023-0310
- Ardabili, F. S. (2020). Moderating-mediating effects of leader member exchange, self-efficacy and psychological empowerment on work outcomes among nurses. Organizacija, 53(3), 246–258. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2020-0016
- Bowen, D. E., & Lawler III, E. E. (1992). Total Quality-Oriented Human Resources Management.
- Caesens, G., Bouchat, P., & Stinglhamber, F. (2020). Perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment: a multi-sample study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(7), 526–531. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001889
- Campos, W., & Cavazotte, F. (2023). Bureaucratic control and organizational support in the public sector: effects mediated by psychological empowerment on engagement. Brazilian Journal of Public Administration, 57(4), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220220301x
- Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482.
- Diefenbach, T. (2009). New public management in public sector organizations: The dark sides of managerialistic “enlightenment.” Public Administration, 87(4), 892–909. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2009.01766.x
- Ding, J. (2023). The impact of psychological empowerment on turnover intention in Chinese university counselors: the mediation role of burnout and the moderating role of professional identity. Current Psychology, 42(8), 6545–6554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01955-6
- Dogar, H., Ahmed Shah, M., & Hussain, N. (2023). Impact of psychological empowerment on turnover intention and emotional intelligence. The Asian Bulletin of Green Management and Circular Economy, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.62019/abgmce
- Fareed, M. Z., Su, Q., & Aslam, M. U. (2023). Transformational leadership and project success: the mediating role of psychological empowerment. SAGE Open, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231154796
- García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2019a). Empowerment in the public sector: Testing the influence of goal orientation. Public Personnel Management, 48(4), 443–470. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026018819020
- García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2019b). The empowerment–organizational performance link in local governments. Personnel Review, 48(1), 118–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2017-0273
- García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2020). Psychological empowerment: Antecedents from goal orientation and consequences in public sector employees. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 40(2), 297–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X18814590
- Ibrahim, I. A., El-Monshed, A. H., Altheeb, M., & El-Sehrawy, M. G. (2024). Transformational leadership, psychological empowerment, and organizational citizenship behaviors among nursing workforce: A single mediation analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9919371
- Indahsari, C. L., & Raharja, S. J. (2020). New Public Management (NPM) as an effort in governance. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 3(2), 73–129.
- Jácome, I., & Chión, S. (2022). Psychological empowerment and job stress in higher education institutions in Ecuador. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 15, 3297–3312. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S381342
- Johansson-Berg, T., & Wennblom, G. (2023). If managers feel safe, budget control becomes enabling. Evidence from a large local government organization in Sweden. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, 35(6), 154–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-01-2023-0001
- Jong, J. (2023). The role of leader and subordinate gender in the leadership–empowerment relationship. Public Personnel Management, 52(3), 317–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/00910260231157344
- Jong, J., & Faerman, S. (2021). The role of goal specificity in the relationship between leadership and empowerment. Public Personnel Management, 50(4), 559–583. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026020982330
- Karani Mehta, A., Purohit, D., Trivedi, P., & Panda, R. (2023). Outcomes of psychological contract breach for banking employees during COVID-19 pandemic: moderating role of learned helplessness. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 43(11–12), 1008–1028. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-11-2022-0288
- Khamis Alharbi, R. (2024). The effect of relationship quality and leader’s fairness on organisational citizenship behaviour: the role of mediation, psychological empowerment, and confidence in the leader. International Journal of Business Excellence, 33, 294–310.
- Lin, M., Xie, M., & Li, Z. (2023). Organizational error tolerance and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: Mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of public service motivation. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 4133–4153. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S431373
- Llorente-Alonso, M., García-Ael, C., & Topa, G. (2024). A meta-analysis of psychological empowerment: Antecedents, organizational outcomes, and moderating variables. Current Psychology, 43(2), 1759–1784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04369-8
- Mangundjaya, W. L. (2019). Leadership, empowerment, and trust on affective commitment to change in state-owned organisations. Int. J. Public Sector Performance Management, 5(1), 46–62.
- Matsuo, M. (2019). Empowerment through self-improvement skills: The role of learning goals and personal growth initiative. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.05.008
- Meira, J. V. de S., & Hancer, M. (2021). Using the social exchange theory to explore the employee-organization relationship in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(2), 670–692. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2020-0538
- Metin, F. (2023). Retention of public IT professionals: The mediating roles of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment. Sosyoekonomi, 31(57), 101–129. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.06
- Mohammed, A. A., & Al-Abrrow, H. (2024). The impact of empowering and transformational leadership on innovative behaviour: the mediating role of psychological empowerment in health-care sector. Leadership in Health Services, 37(2), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-05-2023-0036
- Nguyen Viet, B., Nham, T. C., & Dang, H. P. (2023). Antecedents of innovative behaviour: the moderating role of psychological empowerment. International Journal of Work Innovation, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijwi.2023.10058737
- Nisar, M. A. (2018). Children of a Lesser God: Administrative burden and social equity in citizen–state interactions. Public Administration Research and Theory, 28(1), 104–119. https://doi.org/10.2307/48556447
- Okoli, C. (2015). A guide to conducting a standalone systematic literature review. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 37(1), 879–910. https://doi.org/10.17705/1cais.03743
- Pandey, S. K., & Kingsley, G. A. (2000). Examining red tape in public and private organizations: Alternative explanations from a social psychological model. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10(4), 779–799. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024291
- Park, J., & Kim, W. (2022). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on Innovative Work Behavior Through Psychological Empowerment: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Role of Organizational Procedural Justice. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 14(1), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2022.14.01.015
- Peerzadah, S. A. (2024). Creativity in R&D Laboratories: The Role of Transformational Leadership and Psychological Empowerment. International Journal of Innovation Management, 28(3–4). https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919624500178
- Pham, T. P. T., Van Nguyen, T., Van Nguyen, P., & Ahmed, Z. U. (2024). The pathways to innovative work behavior and job performance: Exploring the role of public service motivation, transformational leadership, and person-organization fit in Vietnam’s public sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100315
- Qing, M., Asif, M., Hussain, A., & Jameel, A. (2020). Exploring the impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in public sector organizations: the mediating role of psychological empowerment. Review of Managerial Science, 14(6), 1405–1432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-019-00340-9
- Qu, Y., Yan, Z., Chen, K., & Zhou, L. (2024). Exploring the relationship between institutional legitimacy and teachers’ innovative behavior: the serial mediating effects of psychological empowerment and normative commitment. Current Psychology, 43(30), 25377–25388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06237-5
- Rafique, M. A., Hou, Y., Chudhery, M. A. Z., Gull, N., & Ahmed, S. J. (2023). The dimensional linkage between public service motivation and innovative behavior in public sector institutions; the mediating role of psychological empowerment. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26(1), 207–229. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2021-0098
- Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
- Sahraei Beiranvand, M., Beiranvand, S., Beiranvand, S., & Mohammadipour, F. (2021). Explaining the effect of authentic and ethical leadership on psychological empowerment of nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(5), 1081–1090. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13246
- Sardana, D., Gupta, N., Zhu, Y., Parida, S., Garg, S., & Paruchuri, S. (2024). Still waters run deep: differences in employee empowerment between public and private sector firms in India. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 35(8), 1512–1546. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2024.2309150
- Seibert, S. E., Wang, G., & Courtright, S. H. (2011). Antecedents and Consequences of Psychological and Team Empowerment in Organizations: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(5), 981–1003. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022676
- Shabir, N., & Muazzam, A. (2024). Impact of perceived leader’s integrity on employee’s engagement of government sector employees: mediating role of psychological empowerment. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 25(1), 86–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/1463922X.2022.2149876
- Singh, S. K., & Singh, A. P. (2019). Interplay of organizational justice, psychological empowerment, organizational citizenship behavior, and job satisfaction in the context of circular economy. Management Decision, 57(4), 937–952. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-09-2018-0966
- Skrinou, M., & Gkorezis, P. (2020). Antecedents of Psychological Empowerment: A Study of Greek Employees in Municipalities. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(15), 1317–1326. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2019.1669172
- Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological Empowerment in the Workplace: Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation. The Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1465. https://www.jstor.org/stable/256865
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- Thomas, K. W., & Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cognitive Elements of Empowerment: An “Interpretive” Model of Intrinsic Task Motivation. The Academy of Management Review, 15(4), 666–681.
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- Tripathi, D., Priyadarshi, P., Kumar, P., & Kumar, S. (2021). Does servant leadership affect work role performance via knowledge sharing and psychological empowerment? VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 51(5), 792–812. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-10-2019-0159
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References
Abdulrab, M., Zumrah, A. R., Almaamari, Q., Al-Tahitah, A. N., Isaac, O., & Ameen, A. (2018). The role of psychological empowerment as a mediating variable between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behaviour in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions. International Journal of Management and Human Science (IJMHS), 2(3), 2590–3748.
Afram, J., Manresa, A., & Mas-Machuca, M. (2022). The impact of employee empowerment on organisational performance: The mediating role of employee engagement and organisational citizenship behaviour. Intangible Capital, 18(1), 96–119. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1781
Al Nahyan, M. T., Al Suwaidi, M. S., Al Zaabi, N., Al Qubaisi, F., & Jabeen, F. (2024). Managerial coaching and innovative work behavior: mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of task interdependence. Evidence-Based HRM. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-12-2022-0293
Al Otaibi, S. M., Amin, M., Winterton, J., Bolt, E. E. T., & Cafferkey, K. (2023). The role of empowering leadership and psychological empowerment on nurses’ work engagement and affective commitment. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(6), 2536–2560. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-11-2021-3049
AlHammadi, A., & Abu Elanain, H. M. (2024). Enhancing organizational citizenship behavior in a non-western context of the UAE: the role of organizational justice, leadership and psychological empowerment. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 18(3), 666–687. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-08-2023-0310
Ardabili, F. S. (2020). Moderating-mediating effects of leader member exchange, self-efficacy and psychological empowerment on work outcomes among nurses. Organizacija, 53(3), 246–258. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2020-0016
Bowen, D. E., & Lawler III, E. E. (1992). Total Quality-Oriented Human Resources Management.
Caesens, G., Bouchat, P., & Stinglhamber, F. (2020). Perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment: a multi-sample study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(7), 526–531. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001889
Campos, W., & Cavazotte, F. (2023). Bureaucratic control and organizational support in the public sector: effects mediated by psychological empowerment on engagement. Brazilian Journal of Public Administration, 57(4), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220220301x
Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482.
Diefenbach, T. (2009). New public management in public sector organizations: The dark sides of managerialistic “enlightenment.” Public Administration, 87(4), 892–909. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2009.01766.x
Ding, J. (2023). The impact of psychological empowerment on turnover intention in Chinese university counselors: the mediation role of burnout and the moderating role of professional identity. Current Psychology, 42(8), 6545–6554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01955-6
Dogar, H., Ahmed Shah, M., & Hussain, N. (2023). Impact of psychological empowerment on turnover intention and emotional intelligence. The Asian Bulletin of Green Management and Circular Economy, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.62019/abgmce
Fareed, M. Z., Su, Q., & Aslam, M. U. (2023). Transformational leadership and project success: the mediating role of psychological empowerment. SAGE Open, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231154796
García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2019a). Empowerment in the public sector: Testing the influence of goal orientation. Public Personnel Management, 48(4), 443–470. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026018819020
García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2019b). The empowerment–organizational performance link in local governments. Personnel Review, 48(1), 118–140. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2017-0273
García-Juan, B., Escrig-Tena, A. B., & Roca-Puig, V. (2020). Psychological empowerment: Antecedents from goal orientation and consequences in public sector employees. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 40(2), 297–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X18814590
Ibrahim, I. A., El-Monshed, A. H., Altheeb, M., & El-Sehrawy, M. G. (2024). Transformational leadership, psychological empowerment, and organizational citizenship behaviors among nursing workforce: A single mediation analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9919371
Indahsari, C. L., & Raharja, S. J. (2020). New Public Management (NPM) as an effort in governance. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Publik, 3(2), 73–129.
Jácome, I., & Chión, S. (2022). Psychological empowerment and job stress in higher education institutions in Ecuador. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 15, 3297–3312. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S381342
Johansson-Berg, T., & Wennblom, G. (2023). If managers feel safe, budget control becomes enabling. Evidence from a large local government organization in Sweden. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management, 35(6), 154–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-01-2023-0001
Jong, J. (2023). The role of leader and subordinate gender in the leadership–empowerment relationship. Public Personnel Management, 52(3), 317–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/00910260231157344
Jong, J., & Faerman, S. (2021). The role of goal specificity in the relationship between leadership and empowerment. Public Personnel Management, 50(4), 559–583. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026020982330
Karani Mehta, A., Purohit, D., Trivedi, P., & Panda, R. (2023). Outcomes of psychological contract breach for banking employees during COVID-19 pandemic: moderating role of learned helplessness. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 43(11–12), 1008–1028. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-11-2022-0288
Khamis Alharbi, R. (2024). The effect of relationship quality and leader’s fairness on organisational citizenship behaviour: the role of mediation, psychological empowerment, and confidence in the leader. International Journal of Business Excellence, 33, 294–310.
Lin, M., Xie, M., & Li, Z. (2023). Organizational error tolerance and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: Mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of public service motivation. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 4133–4153. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S431373
Llorente-Alonso, M., García-Ael, C., & Topa, G. (2024). A meta-analysis of psychological empowerment: Antecedents, organizational outcomes, and moderating variables. Current Psychology, 43(2), 1759–1784. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04369-8
Mangundjaya, W. L. (2019). Leadership, empowerment, and trust on affective commitment to change in state-owned organisations. Int. J. Public Sector Performance Management, 5(1), 46–62.
Matsuo, M. (2019). Empowerment through self-improvement skills: The role of learning goals and personal growth initiative. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.05.008
Meira, J. V. de S., & Hancer, M. (2021). Using the social exchange theory to explore the employee-organization relationship in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(2), 670–692. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2020-0538
Metin, F. (2023). Retention of public IT professionals: The mediating roles of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment. Sosyoekonomi, 31(57), 101–129. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2023.03.06
Mohammed, A. A., & Al-Abrrow, H. (2024). The impact of empowering and transformational leadership on innovative behaviour: the mediating role of psychological empowerment in health-care sector. Leadership in Health Services, 37(2), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-05-2023-0036
Nguyen Viet, B., Nham, T. C., & Dang, H. P. (2023). Antecedents of innovative behaviour: the moderating role of psychological empowerment. International Journal of Work Innovation, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijwi.2023.10058737
Nisar, M. A. (2018). Children of a Lesser God: Administrative burden and social equity in citizen–state interactions. Public Administration Research and Theory, 28(1), 104–119. https://doi.org/10.2307/48556447
Okoli, C. (2015). A guide to conducting a standalone systematic literature review. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 37(1), 879–910. https://doi.org/10.17705/1cais.03743
Pandey, S. K., & Kingsley, G. A. (2000). Examining red tape in public and private organizations: Alternative explanations from a social psychological model. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10(4), 779–799. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024291
Park, J., & Kim, W. (2022). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on Innovative Work Behavior Through Psychological Empowerment: Focusing on the Moderated Mediating Role of Organizational Procedural Justice. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 14(1), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.30880/jtet.2022.14.01.015
Peerzadah, S. A. (2024). Creativity in R&D Laboratories: The Role of Transformational Leadership and Psychological Empowerment. International Journal of Innovation Management, 28(3–4). https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919624500178
Pham, T. P. T., Van Nguyen, T., Van Nguyen, P., & Ahmed, Z. U. (2024). The pathways to innovative work behavior and job performance: Exploring the role of public service motivation, transformational leadership, and person-organization fit in Vietnam’s public sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100315
Qing, M., Asif, M., Hussain, A., & Jameel, A. (2020). Exploring the impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in public sector organizations: the mediating role of psychological empowerment. Review of Managerial Science, 14(6), 1405–1432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-019-00340-9
Qu, Y., Yan, Z., Chen, K., & Zhou, L. (2024). Exploring the relationship between institutional legitimacy and teachers’ innovative behavior: the serial mediating effects of psychological empowerment and normative commitment. Current Psychology, 43(30), 25377–25388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06237-5
Rafique, M. A., Hou, Y., Chudhery, M. A. Z., Gull, N., & Ahmed, S. J. (2023). The dimensional linkage between public service motivation and innovative behavior in public sector institutions; the mediating role of psychological empowerment. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26(1), 207–229. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2021-0098
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