Date Log
Submitted
9 January 2023
Accepted
25 January 2023
Published
13 February 2023
What Drives Individuals to Adopt Fintech: Extended TAM Model with Gender as Moderating Variable
Corresponding Author(s) : Nugraha Deni Pandu
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): June
Abstract
Access to financial services is pivotal in improving welfare, reducing poverty, and accelerating financial inclusion in the emerging nation. This study analyzes the factors that drive consumer adoption of fintech by extending the TAM model with financial literacy and government support, as well as gender as moderating variable. Data was collected from 397 respondents in Indonesia and analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0. The result shows that perceived usefulness, ease of use, financial literacy, and government support significantly affect the adoption of fintech. The moderation analysis reveals that men perceive usefulness as more important for fintech adoption and ease of use for women.
Keywords
Fintech
Gender
Financial Literacy
Government Support
Technology Acceptance Model
Setiawan, B. ., Pandu, N. D., Ahmed, A. M., Emilda, E., & Nathan, R. J. (2023). What Drives Individuals to Adopt Fintech: Extended TAM Model with Gender as Moderating Variable . Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 10(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v10i1.35081
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References
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Abbasi, K., Alam, A., Du, M. (Anna), & Huynh, T. L. D. (2021). FinTech, SME efficiency and national culture: Evidence from OECD countries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163, 120454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120454
Agyei, J., Sun, S., Abrokwah, E., Penney, E. K., & Ofori-Boafo, R. (2020). Mobile Banking Adoption: Examining the Role of Personality Traits. SAGE Open, 10(2), 215824402093291. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020932918
Ahmad, S., Tajul Urus, S., & Syed Mustapha Nazri, S. N. F. (2021). Technology acceptance of financial technology (fintech) for payment services among employed fresh graduates. Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal (APMAJ), 16(2), 27–58.
Al nawayseh, M. K. (2020). FinTech in COVID-19 and Beyond: What Factors Are Affecting Customers’ Choice of FinTech Applications? Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040153
Alnemer, H. A. (2022). Determinants of digital banking adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A technology acceptance model approach. Digital Business, 2(2), 100037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2022.100037
Alshari, H. A., & Lokhande, M. A. (2022). The impact of demographic factors of clients’ attitudes and their intentions to use FinTech services on the banking sector in the least developed countries. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2114305. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2114305
Chinnasamy, C. V., Arabi, M., Sharvelle, S., Warziniack, T., Furth, C. D., & Dozier, A. (2021). Characterization of Municipal Water Uses in the Contiguous United States. Water Resources Research, 57(6). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028627
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models. Management Science, 35(8), 982–1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2021). Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of Covid-19. The Global Findex Database 2021, 225. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1897-4
Epstein, S. (2008). Intuition from the perspective of cognitive-experiential self-theory. Intuition in Judgment and Decision Making, 23, 37.
Fuentes, O., & Price, W. (2020). How supervisors can improve the effectiveness of financial education. Toronto: Toronto Centre.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Vectors (p. 816).
Hasan, R., Ashfaq, M., & Shao, L. (2021). Evaluating Drivers of Fintech Adoption in the Netherlands. Global Business Review, 097215092110274. https://doi.org/10.1177/09721509211027402
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
Hu, Z., Ding, S., Li, S., Chen, L., & Yang, S. (2019). Adoption Intention of Fintech Services for Bank Users: An Empirical Examination with an Extended Technology Acceptance Model. Symmetry, 11(3), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030340
Hua, X., & Huang, Y. (2021). Understanding China’s fintech sector: Development, impacts and risks. The European Journal of Finance, 27(4–5), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2020.1811131
Jahanmir, S. F., & Cavadas, J. (2018). Factors affecting late adoption of digital innovations. Journal of Business Research, 88, 337–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.058
Ji, Z., Yang, Z., Liu, J., & Yu, C. (2019). Investigating Users’ Continued Usage Intentions of Online Learning Applications. Information, 10(6), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10060198
Jünger, M., & Mietzner, M. (2020). Banking goes digital: The adoption of FinTech services by German households. Finance Research Letters, 34, 101260.
Kaiser, T., Lusardi, A., Menkhoff, L., & Urban, C. (2022). Financial education affects financial knowledge and downstream behaviors. Journal of Financial Economics, 145(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.09.022
Khera, P., Ng, S., Ogawa, S., & Sahay, R. (2022). Measuring digital financial inclusion in emerging market and developing economies: A new index. Asian Economic Policy Review.
Li, Y., Wang, M., Liao, G., & Wang, J. (2022). Spatial Spillover Effect and Threshold Effect of Digital Financial Inclusion on Farmers’ Income Growth—Based on Provincial Data of China. Sustainability, 14(3), 1838. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031838
Liao, Y.-K., Wu, W.-Y., Le, T. Q., & Phung, T. T. T. (2022). The Integration of the Technology Acceptance Model and Value-Based Adoption Model to Study the Adoption of E-Learning: The Moderating Role of e-WOM. Sustainability, 14(2), 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020815
Linares, M., Gallego, M. D., & Bueno, S. (2021). Proposing a TAM-SDT-Based Model to Examine the User Acceptance of Massively Multiplayer Online Games. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3687. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073687
Liu, Y., Dilanchiev, A., Xu, K., & Hajiyeva, A. M. (2022). Financing SMEs and business development as new post Covid-19 economic recovery determinants. Economic Analysis and Policy, 76, 554–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2022.09.006
Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: Evidence and implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5
Mejia-Escobar, J. C., González-Ruiz, J. D., & Duque-Grisales, E. (2020). Sustainable Financial Products in the Latin America Banking Industry: Current Status and Insights. Sustainability, 12(14), 5648. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145648
Mufarih, M., Jayadi, R., & Sugandi, Y. (2020). Factors Influencing Customers to Use Digital Banking Application in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 897–907. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO10.897
Nathan, R. J., Setiawan, B., & Quynh, M. N. (2022). Fintech and Financial Health in Vietnam during the COVID-19 Pandemic: In-Depth Descriptive Analysis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(3), 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15030125
OECD (Ed.). (2020). Sustainable and resilient finance. OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/eb61fd29-en
Ryu, H.-S. (2018). Understanding benefit and risk framework of fintech adoption: Comparison of early adopters and late adopters. Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50374
Savitha, B., & Hawaldar, I. T. (2022). What motivates individuals to use FinTech budgeting applications? Evidence from India during the covid-19 pandemic. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(1), 2127482.
Setiawan, B., Nugraha, D. P., Irawan, A., Nathan, R. J., & Zoltan, Z. (2021). User Innovativeness and Fintech Adoption in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(3), 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7030188
Singh, K., Misra, M., & Yadav, J. (2021). Corporate social responsibility and financial inclusion: Evaluating the moderating effect of income. Managerial and Decision Economics, 42(5), 1263–1274. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3306
Sugandi, E. A. (2021). The COVID-19 Pandemic and Indonesia’s Fintech Markets. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3916514
Talwar, S., Dhir, A., Khalil, A., Mohan, G., & Islam, A. K. M. N. (2020). Point of adoption and beyond. Initial trust and mobile-payment continuation intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55, 102086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102086
Tao, D., Li, W., Qin, M., & Cheng, M. (2022). Understanding Students’ Acceptance and Usage Behaviors of Online Learning in Mandatory Contexts: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 14(13), 7830. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137830
Thathsarani, U. S., & Jianguo, W. (2022). Do Digital Finance and the Technology Acceptance Model Strengthen Financial Inclusion and SME Performance? Information, 13(8), 390. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13080390
Varkey, J. (2020). Financial Literacy in the FinTech Era: A Study of Scheduled Tribes in Kerala. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 12.
Wang, J. S. (2021). Exploring biometric identification in FinTech applications based on the modified TAM. Financial Innovation, 7(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00260-2
Wang, S., Tlili, A., Zhu, L., & Yang, J. (2021). Do Playfulness and University Support Facilitate the Adoption of Online Education in a Crisis? COVID-19 as a Case Study Based on the Technology Acceptance Model. Sustainability, 13(16), 9104. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169104
Xu, L., & Zia, B. (2012). Financial Literacy around the World: An Overview of the Evidence with Practical Suggestions for the Way Forward. The World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6107
Yoshino, N., Morgan, P. J., & Long, T. Q. (2020). Financial Literacy and Fintech Adoption in Japan. 35.
References
Abbasi, K., Alam, A., Du, M. (Anna), & Huynh, T. L. D. (2021). FinTech, SME efficiency and national culture: Evidence from OECD countries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163, 120454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120454
Agyei, J., Sun, S., Abrokwah, E., Penney, E. K., & Ofori-Boafo, R. (2020). Mobile Banking Adoption: Examining the Role of Personality Traits. SAGE Open, 10(2), 215824402093291. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020932918
Ahmad, S., Tajul Urus, S., & Syed Mustapha Nazri, S. N. F. (2021). Technology acceptance of financial technology (fintech) for payment services among employed fresh graduates. Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal (APMAJ), 16(2), 27–58.
Al nawayseh, M. K. (2020). FinTech in COVID-19 and Beyond: What Factors Are Affecting Customers’ Choice of FinTech Applications? Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040153
Alnemer, H. A. (2022). Determinants of digital banking adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A technology acceptance model approach. Digital Business, 2(2), 100037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2022.100037
Alshari, H. A., & Lokhande, M. A. (2022). The impact of demographic factors of clients’ attitudes and their intentions to use FinTech services on the banking sector in the least developed countries. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2114305. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2114305
Chinnasamy, C. V., Arabi, M., Sharvelle, S., Warziniack, T., Furth, C. D., & Dozier, A. (2021). Characterization of Municipal Water Uses in the Contiguous United States. Water Resources Research, 57(6). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028627
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models. Management Science, 35(8), 982–1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2021). Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of Covid-19. The Global Findex Database 2021, 225. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1897-4
Epstein, S. (2008). Intuition from the perspective of cognitive-experiential self-theory. Intuition in Judgment and Decision Making, 23, 37.
Fuentes, O., & Price, W. (2020). How supervisors can improve the effectiveness of financial education. Toronto: Toronto Centre.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Vectors (p. 816).
Hasan, R., Ashfaq, M., & Shao, L. (2021). Evaluating Drivers of Fintech Adoption in the Netherlands. Global Business Review, 097215092110274. https://doi.org/10.1177/09721509211027402
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
Hu, Z., Ding, S., Li, S., Chen, L., & Yang, S. (2019). Adoption Intention of Fintech Services for Bank Users: An Empirical Examination with an Extended Technology Acceptance Model. Symmetry, 11(3), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030340
Hua, X., & Huang, Y. (2021). Understanding China’s fintech sector: Development, impacts and risks. The European Journal of Finance, 27(4–5), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2020.1811131
Jahanmir, S. F., & Cavadas, J. (2018). Factors affecting late adoption of digital innovations. Journal of Business Research, 88, 337–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.058
Ji, Z., Yang, Z., Liu, J., & Yu, C. (2019). Investigating Users’ Continued Usage Intentions of Online Learning Applications. Information, 10(6), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10060198
Jünger, M., & Mietzner, M. (2020). Banking goes digital: The adoption of FinTech services by German households. Finance Research Letters, 34, 101260.
Kaiser, T., Lusardi, A., Menkhoff, L., & Urban, C. (2022). Financial education affects financial knowledge and downstream behaviors. Journal of Financial Economics, 145(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.09.022
Khera, P., Ng, S., Ogawa, S., & Sahay, R. (2022). Measuring digital financial inclusion in emerging market and developing economies: A new index. Asian Economic Policy Review.
Li, Y., Wang, M., Liao, G., & Wang, J. (2022). Spatial Spillover Effect and Threshold Effect of Digital Financial Inclusion on Farmers’ Income Growth—Based on Provincial Data of China. Sustainability, 14(3), 1838. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031838
Liao, Y.-K., Wu, W.-Y., Le, T. Q., & Phung, T. T. T. (2022). The Integration of the Technology Acceptance Model and Value-Based Adoption Model to Study the Adoption of E-Learning: The Moderating Role of e-WOM. Sustainability, 14(2), 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020815
Linares, M., Gallego, M. D., & Bueno, S. (2021). Proposing a TAM-SDT-Based Model to Examine the User Acceptance of Massively Multiplayer Online Games. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3687. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073687
Liu, Y., Dilanchiev, A., Xu, K., & Hajiyeva, A. M. (2022). Financing SMEs and business development as new post Covid-19 economic recovery determinants. Economic Analysis and Policy, 76, 554–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2022.09.006
Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: Evidence and implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5
Mejia-Escobar, J. C., González-Ruiz, J. D., & Duque-Grisales, E. (2020). Sustainable Financial Products in the Latin America Banking Industry: Current Status and Insights. Sustainability, 12(14), 5648. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145648
Mufarih, M., Jayadi, R., & Sugandi, Y. (2020). Factors Influencing Customers to Use Digital Banking Application in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 897–907. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO10.897
Nathan, R. J., Setiawan, B., & Quynh, M. N. (2022). Fintech and Financial Health in Vietnam during the COVID-19 Pandemic: In-Depth Descriptive Analysis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(3), 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15030125
OECD (Ed.). (2020). Sustainable and resilient finance. OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/eb61fd29-en
Ryu, H.-S. (2018). Understanding benefit and risk framework of fintech adoption: Comparison of early adopters and late adopters. Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50374
Savitha, B., & Hawaldar, I. T. (2022). What motivates individuals to use FinTech budgeting applications? Evidence from India during the covid-19 pandemic. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(1), 2127482.
Setiawan, B., Nugraha, D. P., Irawan, A., Nathan, R. J., & Zoltan, Z. (2021). User Innovativeness and Fintech Adoption in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(3), 188. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7030188
Singh, K., Misra, M., & Yadav, J. (2021). Corporate social responsibility and financial inclusion: Evaluating the moderating effect of income. Managerial and Decision Economics, 42(5), 1263–1274. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3306
Sugandi, E. A. (2021). The COVID-19 Pandemic and Indonesia’s Fintech Markets. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3916514
Talwar, S., Dhir, A., Khalil, A., Mohan, G., & Islam, A. K. M. N. (2020). Point of adoption and beyond. Initial trust and mobile-payment continuation intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55, 102086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102086
Tao, D., Li, W., Qin, M., & Cheng, M. (2022). Understanding Students’ Acceptance and Usage Behaviors of Online Learning in Mandatory Contexts: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 14(13), 7830. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137830
Thathsarani, U. S., & Jianguo, W. (2022). Do Digital Finance and the Technology Acceptance Model Strengthen Financial Inclusion and SME Performance? Information, 13(8), 390. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13080390
Varkey, J. (2020). Financial Literacy in the FinTech Era: A Study of Scheduled Tribes in Kerala. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 12.
Wang, J. S. (2021). Exploring biometric identification in FinTech applications based on the modified TAM. Financial Innovation, 7(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00260-2
Wang, S., Tlili, A., Zhu, L., & Yang, J. (2021). Do Playfulness and University Support Facilitate the Adoption of Online Education in a Crisis? COVID-19 as a Case Study Based on the Technology Acceptance Model. Sustainability, 13(16), 9104. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169104
Xu, L., & Zia, B. (2012). Financial Literacy around the World: An Overview of the Evidence with Practical Suggestions for the Way Forward. The World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6107
Yoshino, N., Morgan, P. J., & Long, T. Q. (2020). Financial Literacy and Fintech Adoption in Japan. 35.
Agyei, J., Sun, S., Abrokwah, E., Penney, E. K., & Ofori-Boafo, R. (2020). Mobile Banking Adoption: Examining the Role of Personality Traits. SAGE Open, 10(2), 215824402093291. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020932918
Ahmad, S., Tajul Urus, S., & Syed Mustapha Nazri, S. N. F. (2021). Technology acceptance of financial technology (fintech) for payment services among employed fresh graduates. Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal (APMAJ), 16(2), 27–58.
Al nawayseh, M. K. (2020). FinTech in COVID-19 and Beyond: What Factors Are Affecting Customers’ Choice of FinTech Applications? Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040153
Alnemer, H. A. (2022). Determinants of digital banking adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A technology acceptance model approach. Digital Business, 2(2), 100037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2022.100037
Alshari, H. A., & Lokhande, M. A. (2022). The impact of demographic factors of clients’ attitudes and their intentions to use FinTech services on the banking sector in the least developed countries. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2114305. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2114305
Chinnasamy, C. V., Arabi, M., Sharvelle, S., Warziniack, T., Furth, C. D., & Dozier, A. (2021). Characterization of Municipal Water Uses in the Contiguous United States. Water Resources Research, 57(6). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028627
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models. Management Science, 35(8), 982–1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2021). Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of Covid-19. The Global Findex Database 2021, 225. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1897-4
Epstein, S. (2008). Intuition from the perspective of cognitive-experiential self-theory. Intuition in Judgment and Decision Making, 23, 37.
Fuentes, O., & Price, W. (2020). How supervisors can improve the effectiveness of financial education. Toronto: Toronto Centre.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Vectors (p. 816).
Hasan, R., Ashfaq, M., & Shao, L. (2021). Evaluating Drivers of Fintech Adoption in the Netherlands. Global Business Review, 097215092110274. https://doi.org/10.1177/09721509211027402
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135.
Hu, Z., Ding, S., Li, S., Chen, L., & Yang, S. (2019). Adoption Intention of Fintech Services for Bank Users: An Empirical Examination with an Extended Technology Acceptance Model. Symmetry, 11(3), 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030340
Hua, X., & Huang, Y. (2021). Understanding China’s fintech sector: Development, impacts and risks. The European Journal of Finance, 27(4–5), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847X.2020.1811131
Jahanmir, S. F., & Cavadas, J. (2018). Factors affecting late adoption of digital innovations. Journal of Business Research, 88, 337–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.058
Ji, Z., Yang, Z., Liu, J., & Yu, C. (2019). Investigating Users’ Continued Usage Intentions of Online Learning Applications. Information, 10(6), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10060198
Jünger, M., & Mietzner, M. (2020). Banking goes digital: The adoption of FinTech services by German households. Finance Research Letters, 34, 101260.
Kaiser, T., Lusardi, A., Menkhoff, L., & Urban, C. (2022). Financial education affects financial knowledge and downstream behaviors. Journal of Financial Economics, 145(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.09.022
Khera, P., Ng, S., Ogawa, S., & Sahay, R. (2022). Measuring digital financial inclusion in emerging market and developing economies: A new index. Asian Economic Policy Review.
Li, Y., Wang, M., Liao, G., & Wang, J. (2022). Spatial Spillover Effect and Threshold Effect of Digital Financial Inclusion on Farmers’ Income Growth—Based on Provincial Data of China. Sustainability, 14(3), 1838. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031838
Liao, Y.-K., Wu, W.-Y., Le, T. Q., & Phung, T. T. T. (2022). The Integration of the Technology Acceptance Model and Value-Based Adoption Model to Study the Adoption of E-Learning: The Moderating Role of e-WOM. Sustainability, 14(2), 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020815
Linares, M., Gallego, M. D., & Bueno, S. (2021). Proposing a TAM-SDT-Based Model to Examine the User Acceptance of Massively Multiplayer Online Games. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3687. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073687
Liu, Y., Dilanchiev, A., Xu, K., & Hajiyeva, A. M. (2022). Financing SMEs and business development as new post Covid-19 economic recovery determinants. Economic Analysis and Policy, 76, 554–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2022.09.006
Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: Evidence and implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5
Mejia-Escobar, J. C., González-Ruiz, J. D., & Duque-Grisales, E. (2020). Sustainable Financial Products in the Latin America Banking Industry: Current Status and Insights. Sustainability, 12(14), 5648. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145648
Mufarih, M., Jayadi, R., & Sugandi, Y. (2020). Factors Influencing Customers to Use Digital Banking Application in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 897–907. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO10.897
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