Date Log
Submitted
3 March 2023
Accepted
5 August 2023
Published
14 November 2023
Revisit Intention Framework: Is It Real that Cultural Contact and Destination Attractiveness Can Have Direct Impact?
Corresponding Author(s) : Echo Perdana Kusumah
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Abstract
This study uses survey responses from 321 Indonesian tourists to examine the connection between cultural contact, destination attractiveness, visitor satisfaction, and the likelihood of a revisit intention to Himpang Lime Habang in the South Bangka regency of the Bangka Belitung province, Indonesia. Two significant findings from this investigation were obtained using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling methods. The first finding is the correlation between satisfaction and the likelihood of future visits. Furthermore, a visitor's desire to return is unaffected by the attractiveness of a destination or the amount of cultural contact they have. Even though exposure to local culture and a destination's natural beauty can considerably enhance a visitor's experience, they have little bearing on whether or not someone will return.
Keywords
Cultural Contact
Destination Attractiveness
Visitors Satisfaction
Revisit Intention
Yunfin, M., Kusumah, E. P., MS, M., & Reniati, R. (2023). Revisit Intention Framework: Is It Real that Cultural Contact and Destination Attractiveness Can Have Direct Impact?. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 10(2), 205–218. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v10i2.36478
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References
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Adam, I. (2021). Negative tourist-to-tourist interactions, value destruction, satisfaction, and post consumption behavioral intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 20, 100557.
Alam, M. S., & Paramati, S. R. (2016). The impact of tourism on income inequality in developing economies: Does Kuznets curve hypothesis exist?. Annals of tourism research, 61, 111-126.
Allameh, S. M., Pool, J. K., Jaberi, A., Salehzadeh, R., & Asadi, H. (2015). Factors influencing sport tourists’ revisit intentions: The role and effect of destination image, perceived quality, perceived value and satisfaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Bangka Pos. (2023, January 29). Kado Itu Bernama Himpang 5 Habang. Bangkapos.com. https://bangka.tribunnews.com/2023/01/29/kado-itu-bernama-himpang-5-habang
Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of tourism research, 31(3), 657-681.
Besculides, A., Lee, M. E., & McCormick, P. J. (2002). Residents' perceptions of the cultural benefits of tourism. Annals of tourism research, 29(2), 303-319.
Bianchi, C. (2018). Exploring the attractiveness of Chile as a vacation destination for international tourists. Tourism Analysis, 23(3), 351-364.
Biswas, C., Deb, S. K., Hasan, A. A. T., & Khandakar, M. S. A. (2021). Mediating effect of tourists’ emotional involvement on the relationship between destination attributes and tourist satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 4(4), 490-510.
Carrus, G., Scopelliti, M., Lafortezza, R., Colangelo, G., Ferrini, F., Salbitano, F., ... & Sanesi, G. (2015). Go greener, feel better? The positive effects of biodiversity on the well-being of individuals visiting urban and peri-urban green areas. Landscape and urban planning, 134, 221-228.
Cetin, G., & Bilgihan, A. (2016). Components of cultural tourists’ experiences in destinations. Current issues in tourism, 19(2), 137-154.
Chen, H., & Rahman, I. (2018). Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism management perspectives, 26, 153-163.
Crompton, J. L., & McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of tourism research, 24(2), 425-439.
Decrop, A., & Kozak, M. (2014). Consumer goals in vacation decision making. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31(1), 71-81.
Dinas Pariwisata Kota Yogyakarta. (2019, February 21). Dinas Pariwisata Kota Yogyakarta. Pariwisata.jogjakota.go.id. https://pariwisata.jogjakota.go.id /detail/index/354
Dodds, R., Ali, A., & Galaski, K. (2018). Mobilizing knowledge: Determining key elements for success and pitfalls in developing community-based tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(13), 1547-1568.
Gnoth, J., & Zins, A. H. (2013). Developing a tourism cultural contact scale. Journal of Business Research, 66(6), 738-744.
Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Sage publications.
Hasan, M. K., Ismail, A. R., & Islam, M. F. (2017). Tourist risk perceptions and revisit intention: A critical review of literature. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1412874.
Hu, Y., & Ritchie, J. B. (1993). Measuring destination attractiveness: A contextual approach. Journal of travel research, 32(2), 25-34.
Hunt, C. A., Durham, W. H., Driscoll, L., & Honey, M. (2015). Can ecotourism deliver real economic, social, and environmental benefits? A study of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Journal of sustainable tourism, 23(3), 339-357.
Kim, A. K., & Brown, G. (2012). Understanding the relationships between perceived travel experiences, overall satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Anatolia, 23(3), 328-347.
Kim, D., & Perdue, R. R. (2011). The influence of image on destination attractiveness. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(3), 225-239.
Kim, K., Hallab, Z., & Kim, J. N. (2012). The moderating effect of travel experience in a destination on the relationship between the destination image and the intention to revisit. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 21(5), 486-505.
Kim, S., Park, J. H., Lee, D. K., Son, Y. H., Yoon, H., Kim, S., & Yun, H. J. (2017). The impacts of weather on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention: A study of South Korean domestic tourism. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(9), 895-908.
Kusumah, E. P. (2023). Metode Penelitian Bisnis: Analisis Data Melalui SPSS dan Smart-Pls (Vol. 1). Deepublish.
Kusumah, E. P. (2023). Destination and Sport Event: Image, Attachment and Loyalty Relationship. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), 11(2), 191-209.
Kusumah, E. P., Hurriyati, R., Disman, D., & Gaffar, V. (2022). Determining Revisit Intention: The Role of Virtual Reality Experience, Travel Motivation, Travel Constraint and Destination Image. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 28(2), 297-314.
Lai, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, L., Tseng, H. W., & Shiau, Y. C. (2021). Study on the influence of cultural contact and tourism memory on the intention to revisit: a case study of cultural and creative districts. Sustainability, 13(4), 2416.
Lee, C. F., Huang, H. I., & Yeh, H. R. (2010). Developing an evaluation model for destination attractiveness: Sustainable forest recreation tourism in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(6), 811-828.
Lee, C. K., Ahmad, M. S., Petrick, J. F., Park, Y. N., Park, E., & Kang, C. W. (2020). The roles of cultural worldview and authenticity in tourists’ decision-making process in a heritage tourism destination using a model of goal-directed behavior. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100500.
Levitt, P. (1998). Social remittances: Migration driven local-level forms of cultural diffusion. International migration review, 32(4), 926-948.
Li, X. R., Cheng, C. K., Kim, H., & Petrick, J. F. (2008). A systematic comparison of first-time and repeat visitors via a two-phase online survey. Tourism Management, 29(2), 278-293.
Li, Y. Q., & Liu, C. H. (2020). Impact of cultural contact on satisfaction and attachment: mediating roles of creative experiences and cultural memories. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(2), 221-245.
Luna, D., & Forquer Gupta, S. (2001). An integrative framework for cross‐cultural consumer behavior. International marketing review, 18(1), 45-69.
Matzler, K., Teichmann, K., Strobl, A., & Partel, M. (2019). The effect of price on word of mouth: First time versus heavy repeat visitors. Tourism Management, 70, 453-459.
Mikulić, J., Krešić, D., Prebežac, D., Miličević, K., & Šerić, M. (2016). Identifying drivers of destination attractiveness in a competitive environment: A comparison of approaches. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(2), 154-163.
Moffett, M. W. (2013). Human identity and the evolution of societies. Human Nature, 24, 219-267.
Mursid, A., & Anoraga, P. (2022). Halal destination attributes and revisits intention: The role of destination attractiveness and perceived value. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 8(2), 513-528.
Nguyen Viet, B., Dang, H. P., & Nguyen, H. H. (2020). Revisit intention and satisfaction: The role of destination image, perceived risk, and cultural contact. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1796249.
Pai, C. K., Liu, Y., Kang, S., & Dai, A. (2020). The role of perceived smart tourism technology experience for tourist satisfaction, happiness and revisit intention. Sustainability, 12(16), 6592.
Pike, S., Pontes, N., & Kotsi, F. (2021). Stopover destination attractiveness: A quasi-experimental approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100514.
Pulido-Fernández, J. I., Andrades-Caldito, L., & Sánchez-Rivero, M. (2015). Is sustainable tourism an obstacle to the economic performance of the tourism industry? Evidence from an international empirical study. Journal of sustainable tourism, 23(1), 47-64.
Raimkulov, M., Juraturgunov, H., & Ahn, Y. J. (2021). Destination attractiveness and memorable travel experiences in silk road tourism in Uzbekistan. Sustainability, 13(4), 2252.
Rehman, A. U., Shoaib, M., Javed, M., Abbas, Z., Nawal, A., & Zámečník, R. (2022). Understanding Revisit Intention towards Religious Attraction of Kartarpur Temple: Moderation Analysis of Religiosity. Sustainability, 14(14), 8646.
Reisinger, Y., & Turner, L. W. (2002). Cultural differences between Asian tourist markets and Australian hosts, Part 1. Journal of travel Research, 40(3), 295-315.
Reitsamer, B. F., Brunner-Sperdin, A., & Stokburger-Sauer, N. E. (2016). Destination attractiveness and destination attachment: The mediating role of tourists' attitude. Tourism Management Perspectives, 19, 93-101.
Santagata, W. (2002). Cultural districts, property rights and sustainable economic growth. International journal of urban and regional research, 26(1), 9-23.
Sohn, H. K., Lee, T. J., & Yoon, Y. S. (2016). Relationship between perceived risk, evaluation, satisfaction, and behavioral intention: A case of local-festival visitors. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(1), 28-45.
Soliman, M. (2021). Extending the theory of planned behavior to predict tourism destination revisit intention. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 22(5), 524-549.
Stone, M. J., Soulard, J., Migacz, S., & Wolf, E. (2018). Elements of memorable food, drink, and culinary tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1121-1132.
Stumpf, P., Vojtko, V., & Janecek, P. (2020). Do European tourists intend to revisit the same countries? Effect of satisfaction in European Union destinations. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 20(4), 398-417.
Taylor, J. P. (2001). Authenticity and sincerity in tourism. Annals of tourism research, 28(1), 7-26.
Telfer, D. J., & Sharpley, R. (2015). Tourism and development in the developing world. Routledge.
Thipsingh, S., Srisathan, W. A., Wongsaichia, S., Ketkaew, C., Naruetharadhol, P., & Hengboriboon, L. (2022). Social and sustainable determinants of the tourist satisfaction and temporal revisit intention: A case of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Cogent Social Sciences, 8(1), 2068269.
Thompson, K., & Schofield, P. (2007). An investigation of the relationship between public transport performance and destination satisfaction. Journal of transport geography, 15(2), 136-144.
Tjørve, E., Lien, G., & Flognfeldt, T. (2018). Properties of first-time vs. repeat visitors: Lessons for marketing Norwegian ski resorts. Current issues in Tourism, 21(1), 78-102.
Tomigová, K., Mendes, J., & Pereira, L. N. (2016). The attractiveness of Portugal as a tourist destination: The perspective of Czech tour operators. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(2), 197-210.
Torabi, Z. A., Shalbafian, A. A., Allam, Z., Ghaderi, Z., Murgante, B., & Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R. (2022). Enhancing memorable experiences, tourist satisfaction, and revisit intention through smart tourism technologies. Sustainability, 14(5), 2721.
Vu, N. T., Dung, H. T., Van Dat, N., Duc, P. M., Hung, N. T., & Phuong, N. T. T. (2020). Cultural contact and service quality components impact on tourist satisfaction. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 55(1).
Wu, H. C., Li, M. Y., & Li, T. (2018). A study of experiential quality, experiential value, experiential satisfaction, theme park image, and revisit intention. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(1), 26-73.
References
Adam, I. (2021). Negative tourist-to-tourist interactions, value destruction, satisfaction, and post consumption behavioral intention. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 20, 100557.
Alam, M. S., & Paramati, S. R. (2016). The impact of tourism on income inequality in developing economies: Does Kuznets curve hypothesis exist?. Annals of tourism research, 61, 111-126.
Allameh, S. M., Pool, J. K., Jaberi, A., Salehzadeh, R., & Asadi, H. (2015). Factors influencing sport tourists’ revisit intentions: The role and effect of destination image, perceived quality, perceived value and satisfaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Bangka Pos. (2023, January 29). Kado Itu Bernama Himpang 5 Habang. Bangkapos.com. https://bangka.tribunnews.com/2023/01/29/kado-itu-bernama-himpang-5-habang
Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of tourism research, 31(3), 657-681.
Besculides, A., Lee, M. E., & McCormick, P. J. (2002). Residents' perceptions of the cultural benefits of tourism. Annals of tourism research, 29(2), 303-319.
Bianchi, C. (2018). Exploring the attractiveness of Chile as a vacation destination for international tourists. Tourism Analysis, 23(3), 351-364.
Biswas, C., Deb, S. K., Hasan, A. A. T., & Khandakar, M. S. A. (2021). Mediating effect of tourists’ emotional involvement on the relationship between destination attributes and tourist satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 4(4), 490-510.
Carrus, G., Scopelliti, M., Lafortezza, R., Colangelo, G., Ferrini, F., Salbitano, F., ... & Sanesi, G. (2015). Go greener, feel better? The positive effects of biodiversity on the well-being of individuals visiting urban and peri-urban green areas. Landscape and urban planning, 134, 221-228.
Cetin, G., & Bilgihan, A. (2016). Components of cultural tourists’ experiences in destinations. Current issues in tourism, 19(2), 137-154.
Chen, H., & Rahman, I. (2018). Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism management perspectives, 26, 153-163.
Crompton, J. L., & McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of tourism research, 24(2), 425-439.
Decrop, A., & Kozak, M. (2014). Consumer goals in vacation decision making. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31(1), 71-81.
Dinas Pariwisata Kota Yogyakarta. (2019, February 21). Dinas Pariwisata Kota Yogyakarta. Pariwisata.jogjakota.go.id. https://pariwisata.jogjakota.go.id /detail/index/354
Dodds, R., Ali, A., & Galaski, K. (2018). Mobilizing knowledge: Determining key elements for success and pitfalls in developing community-based tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(13), 1547-1568.
Gnoth, J., & Zins, A. H. (2013). Developing a tourism cultural contact scale. Journal of Business Research, 66(6), 738-744.
Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Sage publications.
Hasan, M. K., Ismail, A. R., & Islam, M. F. (2017). Tourist risk perceptions and revisit intention: A critical review of literature. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1), 1412874.
Hu, Y., & Ritchie, J. B. (1993). Measuring destination attractiveness: A contextual approach. Journal of travel research, 32(2), 25-34.
Hunt, C. A., Durham, W. H., Driscoll, L., & Honey, M. (2015). Can ecotourism deliver real economic, social, and environmental benefits? A study of the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. Journal of sustainable tourism, 23(3), 339-357.
Kim, A. K., & Brown, G. (2012). Understanding the relationships between perceived travel experiences, overall satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Anatolia, 23(3), 328-347.
Kim, D., & Perdue, R. R. (2011). The influence of image on destination attractiveness. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(3), 225-239.
Kim, K., Hallab, Z., & Kim, J. N. (2012). The moderating effect of travel experience in a destination on the relationship between the destination image and the intention to revisit. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 21(5), 486-505.
Kim, S., Park, J. H., Lee, D. K., Son, Y. H., Yoon, H., Kim, S., & Yun, H. J. (2017). The impacts of weather on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention: A study of South Korean domestic tourism. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(9), 895-908.
Kusumah, E. P. (2023). Metode Penelitian Bisnis: Analisis Data Melalui SPSS dan Smart-Pls (Vol. 1). Deepublish.
Kusumah, E. P. (2023). Destination and Sport Event: Image, Attachment and Loyalty Relationship. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), 11(2), 191-209.
Kusumah, E. P., Hurriyati, R., Disman, D., & Gaffar, V. (2022). Determining Revisit Intention: The Role of Virtual Reality Experience, Travel Motivation, Travel Constraint and Destination Image. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 28(2), 297-314.
Lai, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, L., Tseng, H. W., & Shiau, Y. C. (2021). Study on the influence of cultural contact and tourism memory on the intention to revisit: a case study of cultural and creative districts. Sustainability, 13(4), 2416.
Lee, C. F., Huang, H. I., & Yeh, H. R. (2010). Developing an evaluation model for destination attractiveness: Sustainable forest recreation tourism in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(6), 811-828.
Lee, C. K., Ahmad, M. S., Petrick, J. F., Park, Y. N., Park, E., & Kang, C. W. (2020). The roles of cultural worldview and authenticity in tourists’ decision-making process in a heritage tourism destination using a model of goal-directed behavior. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100500.
Levitt, P. (1998). Social remittances: Migration driven local-level forms of cultural diffusion. International migration review, 32(4), 926-948.
Li, X. R., Cheng, C. K., Kim, H., & Petrick, J. F. (2008). A systematic comparison of first-time and repeat visitors via a two-phase online survey. Tourism Management, 29(2), 278-293.
Li, Y. Q., & Liu, C. H. (2020). Impact of cultural contact on satisfaction and attachment: mediating roles of creative experiences and cultural memories. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(2), 221-245.
Luna, D., & Forquer Gupta, S. (2001). An integrative framework for cross‐cultural consumer behavior. International marketing review, 18(1), 45-69.
Matzler, K., Teichmann, K., Strobl, A., & Partel, M. (2019). The effect of price on word of mouth: First time versus heavy repeat visitors. Tourism Management, 70, 453-459.
Mikulić, J., Krešić, D., Prebežac, D., Miličević, K., & Šerić, M. (2016). Identifying drivers of destination attractiveness in a competitive environment: A comparison of approaches. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 5(2), 154-163.
Moffett, M. W. (2013). Human identity and the evolution of societies. Human Nature, 24, 219-267.
Mursid, A., & Anoraga, P. (2022). Halal destination attributes and revisits intention: The role of destination attractiveness and perceived value. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 8(2), 513-528.
Nguyen Viet, B., Dang, H. P., & Nguyen, H. H. (2020). Revisit intention and satisfaction: The role of destination image, perceived risk, and cultural contact. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1796249.
Pai, C. K., Liu, Y., Kang, S., & Dai, A. (2020). The role of perceived smart tourism technology experience for tourist satisfaction, happiness and revisit intention. Sustainability, 12(16), 6592.
Pike, S., Pontes, N., & Kotsi, F. (2021). Stopover destination attractiveness: A quasi-experimental approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100514.
Pulido-Fernández, J. I., Andrades-Caldito, L., & Sánchez-Rivero, M. (2015). Is sustainable tourism an obstacle to the economic performance of the tourism industry? Evidence from an international empirical study. Journal of sustainable tourism, 23(1), 47-64.
Raimkulov, M., Juraturgunov, H., & Ahn, Y. J. (2021). Destination attractiveness and memorable travel experiences in silk road tourism in Uzbekistan. Sustainability, 13(4), 2252.
Rehman, A. U., Shoaib, M., Javed, M., Abbas, Z., Nawal, A., & Zámečník, R. (2022). Understanding Revisit Intention towards Religious Attraction of Kartarpur Temple: Moderation Analysis of Religiosity. Sustainability, 14(14), 8646.
Reisinger, Y., & Turner, L. W. (2002). Cultural differences between Asian tourist markets and Australian hosts, Part 1. Journal of travel Research, 40(3), 295-315.
Reitsamer, B. F., Brunner-Sperdin, A., & Stokburger-Sauer, N. E. (2016). Destination attractiveness and destination attachment: The mediating role of tourists' attitude. Tourism Management Perspectives, 19, 93-101.
Santagata, W. (2002). Cultural districts, property rights and sustainable economic growth. International journal of urban and regional research, 26(1), 9-23.
Sohn, H. K., Lee, T. J., & Yoon, Y. S. (2016). Relationship between perceived risk, evaluation, satisfaction, and behavioral intention: A case of local-festival visitors. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(1), 28-45.
Soliman, M. (2021). Extending the theory of planned behavior to predict tourism destination revisit intention. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 22(5), 524-549.
Stone, M. J., Soulard, J., Migacz, S., & Wolf, E. (2018). Elements of memorable food, drink, and culinary tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1121-1132.
Stumpf, P., Vojtko, V., & Janecek, P. (2020). Do European tourists intend to revisit the same countries? Effect of satisfaction in European Union destinations. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 20(4), 398-417.
Taylor, J. P. (2001). Authenticity and sincerity in tourism. Annals of tourism research, 28(1), 7-26.
Telfer, D. J., & Sharpley, R. (2015). Tourism and development in the developing world. Routledge.
Thipsingh, S., Srisathan, W. A., Wongsaichia, S., Ketkaew, C., Naruetharadhol, P., & Hengboriboon, L. (2022). Social and sustainable determinants of the tourist satisfaction and temporal revisit intention: A case of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Cogent Social Sciences, 8(1), 2068269.
Thompson, K., & Schofield, P. (2007). An investigation of the relationship between public transport performance and destination satisfaction. Journal of transport geography, 15(2), 136-144.
Tjørve, E., Lien, G., & Flognfeldt, T. (2018). Properties of first-time vs. repeat visitors: Lessons for marketing Norwegian ski resorts. Current issues in Tourism, 21(1), 78-102.
Tomigová, K., Mendes, J., & Pereira, L. N. (2016). The attractiveness of Portugal as a tourist destination: The perspective of Czech tour operators. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(2), 197-210.
Torabi, Z. A., Shalbafian, A. A., Allam, Z., Ghaderi, Z., Murgante, B., & Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R. (2022). Enhancing memorable experiences, tourist satisfaction, and revisit intention through smart tourism technologies. Sustainability, 14(5), 2721.
Vu, N. T., Dung, H. T., Van Dat, N., Duc, P. M., Hung, N. T., & Phuong, N. T. T. (2020). Cultural contact and service quality components impact on tourist satisfaction. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 55(1).
Wu, H. C., Li, M. Y., & Li, T. (2018). A study of experiential quality, experiential value, experiential satisfaction, theme park image, and revisit intention. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(1), 26-73.
Alam, M. S., & Paramati, S. R. (2016). The impact of tourism on income inequality in developing economies: Does Kuznets curve hypothesis exist?. Annals of tourism research, 61, 111-126.
Allameh, S. M., Pool, J. K., Jaberi, A., Salehzadeh, R., & Asadi, H. (2015). Factors influencing sport tourists’ revisit intentions: The role and effect of destination image, perceived quality, perceived value and satisfaction. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Bangka Pos. (2023, January 29). Kado Itu Bernama Himpang 5 Habang. Bangkapos.com. https://bangka.tribunnews.com/2023/01/29/kado-itu-bernama-himpang-5-habang
Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of tourism research, 31(3), 657-681.
Besculides, A., Lee, M. E., & McCormick, P. J. (2002). Residents' perceptions of the cultural benefits of tourism. Annals of tourism research, 29(2), 303-319.
Bianchi, C. (2018). Exploring the attractiveness of Chile as a vacation destination for international tourists. Tourism Analysis, 23(3), 351-364.
Biswas, C., Deb, S. K., Hasan, A. A. T., & Khandakar, M. S. A. (2021). Mediating effect of tourists’ emotional involvement on the relationship between destination attributes and tourist satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 4(4), 490-510.
Carrus, G., Scopelliti, M., Lafortezza, R., Colangelo, G., Ferrini, F., Salbitano, F., ... & Sanesi, G. (2015). Go greener, feel better? The positive effects of biodiversity on the well-being of individuals visiting urban and peri-urban green areas. Landscape and urban planning, 134, 221-228.
Cetin, G., & Bilgihan, A. (2016). Components of cultural tourists’ experiences in destinations. Current issues in tourism, 19(2), 137-154.
Chen, H., & Rahman, I. (2018). Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism management perspectives, 26, 153-163.
Crompton, J. L., & McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of visitors attending festival events. Annals of tourism research, 24(2), 425-439.
Decrop, A., & Kozak, M. (2014). Consumer goals in vacation decision making. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31(1), 71-81.
Dinas Pariwisata Kota Yogyakarta. (2019, February 21). Dinas Pariwisata Kota Yogyakarta. Pariwisata.jogjakota.go.id. https://pariwisata.jogjakota.go.id /detail/index/354
Dodds, R., Ali, A., & Galaski, K. (2018). Mobilizing knowledge: Determining key elements for success and pitfalls in developing community-based tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(13), 1547-1568.
Gnoth, J., & Zins, A. H. (2013). Developing a tourism cultural contact scale. Journal of Business Research, 66(6), 738-744.
Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Sage publications.
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