Date Log
Submitted
14 July 2023
Accepted
8 October 2023
Published
4 December 2023
Career Plateau Forms Turnover Intention: The Important Role of Affective Commitment and Career Satisfaction
Corresponding Author(s) : Noerchoidah Noerchoidah
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): December
Abstract
The pervasive high employee turnover intention, particularly prevalent in the hospitality sector, often disrupts company operations. This study investigates the influence of career plateau on turnover intention, mediated by affective commitment and career satisfaction. The research population comprises all hotel employees in East Java, with a sample size of 170 employees. The data analysis used the Partial-Least-Square Structural-Equation-Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The hypothesis testing results substantiate that career plateau significantly and negatively impacts affective commitment and career satisfaction. Furthermore, both affective commitment and career satisfaction significantly and negatively influence turnover intention. The study also reveals that career plateau significantly and positively affects turnover intention when mediated by affective commitment. However, when judged by career satisfaction, the career plateau's effect on turnover intention was positive but insignificant.
Keywords
Affective Commitment
Career Plateau
Career Satisfaction
Turnover Intention
Noerchoidah, N., Widowati, D., Mahmudah, S., & Pudji Estiasih, S. (2023). Career Plateau Forms Turnover Intention: The Important Role of Affective Commitment and Career Satisfaction. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 10(2), 261–278. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v10i2.39583
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References
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Agolla, J. E., & Ongori, H. (2009). An assessment of academic stress among undergraduate students: The case of University of Botswana. Educational Research and Reviews, 4(2), 063–070.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1997). Commitment in The Workplace Theory Research and Application. Sage Publications.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. Freeman and Company. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v6i4.224
Bardwick, J. . (1986). The Plateauing Trap: How to Avoid it in Your Career. AMACOM.
Blau, P. M. (2017). Exchange and power in social life. Wiley.
Conner, D. (2014). The effects of career plateaued workers on in-group members’ perceptions of P-O fit. Employee Relations, 36(2), 198–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-01-2013-0001
Culpepper, R. A. (2011). Three-component commitment and turnover: An examination of temporal aspects. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 517–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.03.004
Drucker-Godard, C., Fouque, T., Gollety, M., & Le Flanchec, A. (2015). Career Plateauing, Job Satisfaction and Commitment of Scholars in French Universities. Public Organization Review, 15(3), 335–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-014-0280-0
Faloye, D. O. (2014). Organisational commitment and turnover intentions: evidence from Nigerian paramilitary organisation. International Journal of Business and Economic Development (IJBED), 2(3), 23–34. www.ijbed.org
Gamage, P., & Herath, H. (2013). Job related factors and intention to stay of it professionals in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research, 2(7), 136–145.
Gim, G. C. W., Desa, N. M., & Ramayah, T. (2015). Competitive psychological climate and turnover intention with the mediating role of affective commitment. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 37, 658 – 665. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-02-2015-0029
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8 th Edition). Cengage Learning, EMEA, Hampshire, UK.
Han, G. (2010). Trust and career satisfaction: The role of LMX. Career Development International, 15(5), 437–458. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011075321
Han, H., Back, K. J., & Barrett, B. (2009). Influencing factors on restaurant customers’ revisit intention: The roles of emotions and switching barriers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 563–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.03.005
Harman, W. S., Blum, M., Stefani, J., & Taho, A. (2009). Albanian Turnover: Is the Job Embeddedness Construct Predictive in an Albanian Context? Albanian Turnover: Is the Job Embeddedness Construct Predictive in an Albanian Context?, 10(2), 192–205.
Hassan, A., Zakaria, A., & Kassem, A. (2020). Effect of Career Plateau on Head Nurses’ Career and Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention. Mansoura Nursing Journal, 7(2), 18–31. https://doi.org/10.21608/mnj.2020.179748
Heilmann, S. G., Holt, D. T., & Rilovick, C. Y. (2008). Organizational Studies A Test of a Model. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(1), 59–68.
Huang, W. R., & Su, C. H. (2016). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between job training satisfaction and turnover intentions. Industrial and Commercial Training, 48(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-04-2015-0029
Indriyani, R., Noerchoidah, & Latif, N. (2022). PERAN CREATIVE SELF EFFICACY MEMEDIASI ANTARA ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP DAN INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ekonomi-Manajemen-Akuntansi, 18(April), 1–9.
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Kanchana, L., & Jayathilaka, R. (2023). Factors impacting employee turnover intentions among professionals in Sri Lankan startups. PLoS ONE, 18(2 February), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281729
Kang, H. J. (Annette), Gatling, A., & Kim, J. (Sunny). (2015). The Impact of Supervisory Support on Organizational Commitment, Career Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention for Hospitality Frontline Employees. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 14(1), 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2014.904176
Koslowsky, M., Weisberg, J., Yaniv, E., & Zaitman-Speiser, I. (2012). Ease of movement and sector affiliation as moderators of the organizational and career commitment: Turnover intentions link. International Journal of Manpower, 33(7), 822–839. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721211268348
Lapalme, M. È., Tremblay, M., & Simard, G. (2009). The relationship between career plateauing, employee commitment and psychological distress: The role of organizational and supervisor support. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(5), 1132–1145. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190902850323
Lee, P. C. B. (1999). Career strategies, job plateau, career plateau, and job satisfaction among Information Technology professionals. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCPR Conference, 125–127. https://doi.org/10.1145/299513.299632
Lee, P. C. B. (2003). Going beyond career plateau: Using professional plateau to account for work outcomes. Journal of Management Development, 22(5–6), 538–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710310478503
Lounsbury, J. W., Steel, R. P., Gibson, L. W., & Drost, A. W. (2008). Personality traits and career satisfaction of human resource professionals. Human Resource Development International, 11(4), 351–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678860802261215
Lyons, S. T., Schweitzer, L., & Ng, E. S. W. (2015). How have careers changed? An investigation of changing career patterns across four generations. Journal of Managerial Psycholog, 30(1), 8–21.
Mehmood, N., Ahmad, U. N. B. U., Irum, S., & Ashfaq, M. (2016). Job satisfaction, affective commitment, and turnover intentions among front desk staff: Evidence from Pakistan. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(4), 305–309.
Mensah, R., & Kosi, I. (2016). Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions of Clinical Laboratory Scientists in Ghana. European Journal of Business and Management, 8(2), 164–172.
Mercurio, Z. A. (2015). Affective Commitment as a Core Essence of Organizational Commitment: An Integrative Literature Review. Human Resource Development Review, 14(4), 389–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484315603612
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), 538–551. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.78.4.538
Nachbagauer, A. G. M., & Riedl, G. (2002). Effects of concepts of career plateaus on performance, work satisfaction and commitment. International Journal of Manpower, 23(8), 716–733. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720210453920
Nauta, A., van Vianen, A., van der Heijden, B., van Dam, K., & Willemsen, M. (2009). Understanding the factors that promote employability orientation: The impact of employability culture, career satisfaction, and role breadth self-efficacy. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82(2), 233–251. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317908X320147
Noerchoidah, N. (2020). Turnover Intention Karyawan: Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Organizational Justice dan Kepuasan Kerja. Matrik : Jurnal Manajemen, Strategi Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 14(2), 290. https://doi.org/10.24843/matrik:jmbk.2020.v14.i02.p12
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References
Agolla, J. E., & Ongori, H. (2009). An assessment of academic stress among undergraduate students: The case of University of Botswana. Educational Research and Reviews, 4(2), 063–070.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1997). Commitment in The Workplace Theory Research and Application. Sage Publications.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. Freeman and Company. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v6i4.224
Bardwick, J. . (1986). The Plateauing Trap: How to Avoid it in Your Career. AMACOM.
Blau, P. M. (2017). Exchange and power in social life. Wiley.
Conner, D. (2014). The effects of career plateaued workers on in-group members’ perceptions of P-O fit. Employee Relations, 36(2), 198–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-01-2013-0001
Culpepper, R. A. (2011). Three-component commitment and turnover: An examination of temporal aspects. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 517–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.03.004
Drucker-Godard, C., Fouque, T., Gollety, M., & Le Flanchec, A. (2015). Career Plateauing, Job Satisfaction and Commitment of Scholars in French Universities. Public Organization Review, 15(3), 335–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-014-0280-0
Faloye, D. O. (2014). Organisational commitment and turnover intentions: evidence from Nigerian paramilitary organisation. International Journal of Business and Economic Development (IJBED), 2(3), 23–34. www.ijbed.org
Gamage, P., & Herath, H. (2013). Job related factors and intention to stay of it professionals in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research, 2(7), 136–145.
Gim, G. C. W., Desa, N. M., & Ramayah, T. (2015). Competitive psychological climate and turnover intention with the mediating role of affective commitment. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 37, 658 – 665. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-02-2015-0029
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8 th Edition). Cengage Learning, EMEA, Hampshire, UK.
Han, G. (2010). Trust and career satisfaction: The role of LMX. Career Development International, 15(5), 437–458. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011075321
Han, H., Back, K. J., & Barrett, B. (2009). Influencing factors on restaurant customers’ revisit intention: The roles of emotions and switching barriers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 563–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.03.005
Harman, W. S., Blum, M., Stefani, J., & Taho, A. (2009). Albanian Turnover: Is the Job Embeddedness Construct Predictive in an Albanian Context? Albanian Turnover: Is the Job Embeddedness Construct Predictive in an Albanian Context?, 10(2), 192–205.
Hassan, A., Zakaria, A., & Kassem, A. (2020). Effect of Career Plateau on Head Nurses’ Career and Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention. Mansoura Nursing Journal, 7(2), 18–31. https://doi.org/10.21608/mnj.2020.179748
Heilmann, S. G., Holt, D. T., & Rilovick, C. Y. (2008). Organizational Studies A Test of a Model. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(1), 59–68.
Huang, W. R., & Su, C. H. (2016). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between job training satisfaction and turnover intentions. Industrial and Commercial Training, 48(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/ICT-04-2015-0029
Indriyani, R., Noerchoidah, & Latif, N. (2022). PERAN CREATIVE SELF EFFICACY MEMEDIASI ANTARA ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP DAN INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ekonomi-Manajemen-Akuntansi, 18(April), 1–9.
Johns, N., & McKechnie, M. (1995). Career demands and learning perceptions of hotel and catering graduates - ten years on. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(5), 9–12. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596119510090717
Joo, B., & Park, S. (2010a). Career satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention: The effects of goal orientation, organizational learning culture and developmental feedback. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 31(6), 482–500. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011069999
Joo, B., & Park, S. (2010b). Career satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention: The effects of goal orientation, organizational learning culture and developmental feedback. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 31(6), 482–500. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011069999
JUDGE, T. A., CABLE, D. M., BOUDREAU, J. W., & BRETZ, R. D. (1995). an Empirical Investigation of the Predictors of Executive Career Success. Personnel Psychology, 48(3), 485–519. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01767.x
Kanchana, L., & Jayathilaka, R. (2023). Factors impacting employee turnover intentions among professionals in Sri Lankan startups. PLoS ONE, 18(2 February), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281729
Kang, H. J. (Annette), Gatling, A., & Kim, J. (Sunny). (2015). The Impact of Supervisory Support on Organizational Commitment, Career Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention for Hospitality Frontline Employees. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 14(1), 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2014.904176
Koslowsky, M., Weisberg, J., Yaniv, E., & Zaitman-Speiser, I. (2012). Ease of movement and sector affiliation as moderators of the organizational and career commitment: Turnover intentions link. International Journal of Manpower, 33(7), 822–839. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721211268348
Lapalme, M. È., Tremblay, M., & Simard, G. (2009). The relationship between career plateauing, employee commitment and psychological distress: The role of organizational and supervisor support. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(5), 1132–1145. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190902850323
Lee, P. C. B. (1999). Career strategies, job plateau, career plateau, and job satisfaction among Information Technology professionals. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCPR Conference, 125–127. https://doi.org/10.1145/299513.299632
Lee, P. C. B. (2003). Going beyond career plateau: Using professional plateau to account for work outcomes. Journal of Management Development, 22(5–6), 538–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710310478503
Lounsbury, J. W., Steel, R. P., Gibson, L. W., & Drost, A. W. (2008). Personality traits and career satisfaction of human resource professionals. Human Resource Development International, 11(4), 351–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678860802261215
Lyons, S. T., Schweitzer, L., & Ng, E. S. W. (2015). How have careers changed? An investigation of changing career patterns across four generations. Journal of Managerial Psycholog, 30(1), 8–21.
Mehmood, N., Ahmad, U. N. B. U., Irum, S., & Ashfaq, M. (2016). Job satisfaction, affective commitment, and turnover intentions among front desk staff: Evidence from Pakistan. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(4), 305–309.
Mensah, R., & Kosi, I. (2016). Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions of Clinical Laboratory Scientists in Ghana. European Journal of Business and Management, 8(2), 164–172.
Mercurio, Z. A. (2015). Affective Commitment as a Core Essence of Organizational Commitment: An Integrative Literature Review. Human Resource Development Review, 14(4), 389–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484315603612
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), 538–551. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.78.4.538
Nachbagauer, A. G. M., & Riedl, G. (2002). Effects of concepts of career plateaus on performance, work satisfaction and commitment. International Journal of Manpower, 23(8), 716–733. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437720210453920
Nauta, A., van Vianen, A., van der Heijden, B., van Dam, K., & Willemsen, M. (2009). Understanding the factors that promote employability orientation: The impact of employability culture, career satisfaction, and role breadth self-efficacy. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82(2), 233–251. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317908X320147
Noerchoidah, N. (2020). Turnover Intention Karyawan: Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Organizational Justice dan Kepuasan Kerja. Matrik : Jurnal Manajemen, Strategi Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 14(2), 290. https://doi.org/10.24843/matrik:jmbk.2020.v14.i02.p12
Noerchoidah, N., Ariprabowo, T., Nurdina, N., & Alfia, N. (2023). Person Job Fit dan Komitmen Karir: Peran Keterlibatan Kerja. BALANCE: Economic, Business, Management and Accounting Journal, 20(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.30651/blc.v20i1.16415
Obianuju, A. E., Augustine, A., & Phina, O. Nj. (2021). Career Plateauing and Employee Turnover Intentions: a Civil Service Perspective. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 3(4), 175–188. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v3i4.219
Ramalho Luz, C. M. D., Luiz de Paula, S., & de Oliveira, L. M. B. (2018). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and their possible influences on intent to turnover. Revista de Gestao, 25(1), 84–101. https://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-12-2017-008
Rilovick, C. Y. (2005). Effects of career plateauing on turnover: A test of a model. In AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (Vol. 15, Issue 1). Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051808317999
Ryan, B., Ma, E., Hsiao, A., & Ku, M. (2015). The work-family conflict of university foodservice managers: An exploratory study of its antecedents and consequences. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 22, 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2014.12.005
Salami, S. O. (2015). Career plateauing and work attitudes: Moderating effects of mentoring others with Nigerian employees. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 6(4), 71–92.
Shafique, M., Qadeer, F., Ahmad, M., & Rehman, R. (2011). Impact of job embeddedness on leave intention: An understanding from higher education (HE) system. African Journal of Business Management, 5(30), 11794–11801. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm10.466
Shahid, N., & Ahmad, B. (2020). The Employee’s Organizational Commitment and Its Impact on The Turnover Intentions among Employees of The Organization. Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society, 17(1), 9–12.
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Tremblay, M. (2021). Understanding the dynamic relationship between career plateauing, organizational affective commitment and citizenship behavior. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 129(January 2020), 103611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103611
Usman, M., Javed, U., Shoukat, A., Bashir, N. A., & Usman, M. (2019). Does meaningful work reduce cyberloafing ? Important roles of affective commitment and leader-member exchange commitment and leader-member exchange. Behaviour & Information Technology, 0(0), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2019.1683607
Wang, Y. H., Hu, C., Hurst, C. S., & Yang, C. C. (2014). Antecedents and outcomes of career plateaus: The roles of mentoring others and proactive personality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 319–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.003
Wen, Y., & Liu, L. (2015). Career plateau and turnover intention in chinese employees: Career anchor as moderator. Social Behavior and Personality, 43(5), 757–766. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.5.757
Weng, Q., McElroy, J. C., Morrow, P. C., & Liu, R. (2010). The relationship between career growth and organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 77(3), 391–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.05.003
Wickramasinghe, V., & Jayaweera, M. (2010). Impact of career plateau and supervisory support on career satisfaction: A study in offshore outsourced IT firms in Sri Lanka. Career Development International, 15(6), 544–561. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011084402
Wong, Y. W., & Wong, Y. T. (2017). The effects of perceived organisational support and affective commitment on turnover intention: A test of two competing models. Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management, 8(1), 2–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHRM-01-2017-0001
Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (2007). Job satisfaction and psychological well-being as nonadditive predictors of workplace turnove. Journal of Management, 33(2), 141–160. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206306297582
Xie, B., Lu, X., & Zhou, W. (2015). Does Double Plateau Always Lead to Turnover Intention? Evidence From China With Indigenous Career Plateau Scale. Journal of Career Development, 42(6), 540–553. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845315580642
Xie, B., Xin, X., & Bai, G. (2016). Hierarchical plateau and turnover intention of employees at the career establishment stage: Examining mediation and moderation effects. Career Development International, 21(5), 518–533. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2015-0063
Yang, J., Pu, B., & Guan, Z. (2019). Entrepreneurial Leadership and Turnover Intention in Startups : Mediating sustainability Entrepreneurial Leadership and Turnover Intention in Startups : Mediating Roles of Employees ’ Job Embeddedness , Job Satisfaction and Affective Commitment. Sustainability, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041101
Yang, W. N., Niven, K., & Johnson, S. (2019). Career plateau: A review of 40 years of research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 286–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.11.005