Pengaruh Modal Usaha, Orientasi Pasar, dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja UKM Kota Makassar
Corresponding Author(s) : Djamila Abbas
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2018): June
Abstract
The performance of MSMEs in general varies considerably from year to year. The role of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the Indonesian economy is demonstrated by its population as the largest business actor, as well as its contribution in employment, the formation of gross domestic product (GDP), exports and the creation of fixed capital / investment. The problem is then divided into several sub-problems of research on whether the variable of business capital, market orientation, and entrepreneurship orientation affect the performance of SMEs Makassar City. The total population of 123 registered and not registered businesses of SMEs Makassar. Data was then analysed using multiple linear regression. The results of the research are that there is positive influence of the three variables on the performance of SMEs of Makassar City simultaneously, and also positive effect when tested partially.
Keywords
Performance of SMEs
Capital
Market Orientation
Orientation of Entrepreneurship
Abbas, D. (2018). Pengaruh Modal Usaha, Orientasi Pasar, dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja UKM Kota Makassar. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 5(1), 95–112. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v5i1.4991
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References
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Adinoto, A. (2013). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar dan Perilaku Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kepekaan Perusahaan Dan Implikasinya Pada Kinerja Perusahaan: Studi pada Penyalur Sepeda Motor di Indonesia. ULTIMA MANAJEMEN, 2(1).
Alam, M.M., (2013), Effect of Market Orientation on Small Business Perormance in SmallTown In Malaysia: An Emprical Study on Malaysian Small Firms, Journal of Strategic Marketing, Vol 1, No. 3.
Andwiani Sinarasri. “Analisis Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Strategi Bisnis Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Pedagang Kaki Lima Bidang Kuliner Di Semarang)” (Jurnal). Semarang: Universitas Muhammadiyah. 2013.
Arikunto, S. (2013). Prosedur Penulisan Suatu Pendekatan Praktik Cetakan Kelima Belas. Jakarta: Rinerka Cipta.
Baum, J. R., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. G. (2001). A multidimensional model of venture growth. Academy of management journal, 44(2), 292-303.
Beal, R. M. (2000). Competing effectively: environmental scanning, competitive strategy, and organizational performance in small manufacturing firms. Journal of small business management, 38(1), 27.
Chandler, G. N., & Hanks, S. H. (1994). Market attractiveness, resource-based capabilities, venture strategies, and venture performance. Journal of business venturing, 9(4), 331-349.
Covin, J. G. (1991). Entrepreneurial versus conservative firms: A comparison of strategies and performance. Journal of management studies, 28(5), 439-462.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 16(1), 7-26.
Craven, D. W,(2004). Strategic Marketing, Sevent Edition.
Gitman, L. J., Juchau, R., & Flanagan, J. (2015). Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU.
Han, J. K., Kim, N., & Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market orientation and organizational performance: is innovation a missing link?. The Journal of marketing, 30-45.
Hashim, S. F., Tajuddin, R. M., & Zainol, A. S. (2015). Creating Resilient SME Through Brand Identity (Case Study of Bumiputera Fashion Entrepreneurs in Malaysia. International Academic Research Journal of Social Science, 1(2), 2015.
Jauch, L. R., & Glueck, W. F. (1988). Business policy and strategic management. McGraw-Hill.
Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. The Journal of marketing, 53-70.
Jonker, J., Pennink, B. J. W., & Wahyuni, S. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian: Panduan untuk Master dan Ph. D. di Bidang Manajemen. Jagakarsa, Jakarta (Indonesia): Penerbit Salemba Empat.
Kumar, K., & Subramanian, R. (2000). Navigating the external environment through a market orientation. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 65(1), 16.
Kuwayama, M. (2001). E-Commerce and export promotion policies for small and medium-sized enterprises: East Asian and Latin American experiences (Vol. 13). United Nations Publications.
Lee, D. Y., & Tsang, E. W. (2001). The effects of entrepreneurial personality, background and network activities on venture growth. Journal of management studies, 38(4), 583-602.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
McGrath, R. G. (1996, August). Options and The Enterprise: toward a Strategic Theory of Entrepreneurial Wealth Creation. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 1996, No. 1, pp. 101-105). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Narver, J. C., & Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. The Journal of marketing, 20-35.
Purwanti, E. (2012). Pengaruh Pangsa Pasar, Rasio Leverage, Intensitas Modal Terhadap Profitabilitas Koperasi Simpan Pinjam di Salatiga. Jurnal Ilmiah Among Makarti, 3(5).
Riyanto, Y. (2001). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan.
Sapienza, H. J., Smith, K. G., & Gannon, M. J. (1988). Using subjective evaluations of organizational performance in small business research. American Journal of Small Business, 12(3), 45-54.
Saskara, I. N., & Putra, I. (2013). Efektivitas dan Dampak Program Bantuan Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) terhadap Pendapatan dan Kesempatan Kerja Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Denpasar. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana, 2(10).
Setiawan, H. (2012). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Teknologi dan Inovasi Produk Terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing Usaha Songket Skala Kecil di Kota Palembang. ORASI BISNIS, 8(2).
Sugiyono, P. D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Manajemen. Bandung: Alfabeta, CV.
Weston, F. J dan Thomas, E Copeland. 1997. Manajemen Keuangan: Jilid, 2.
Weston, J. F., & Brigham, E. F. (1986). Fundamental of Financial Management. Edisi Tujuh.
Wiklund, J. (1999). The sustainability of the entrepreneurial orientation—performance relationship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 24(1), 37-48.
Zheng, C., & Khavul, S. (2005). Capability development, learning and growth in international entrepreneurial firms: evidence from China. In International entrepreneurship (pp. 273-296). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Zhou, K. Z., Brown, J. R., & Dev, C. S. (2009). Market orientation, competitive advantage, and performance: A demand-based perspective. Journal of business research, 62(11), 1063-1070.
References
Adinoto, A. (2013). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar dan Perilaku Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kepekaan Perusahaan Dan Implikasinya Pada Kinerja Perusahaan: Studi pada Penyalur Sepeda Motor di Indonesia. ULTIMA MANAJEMEN, 2(1).
Alam, M.M., (2013), Effect of Market Orientation on Small Business Perormance in SmallTown In Malaysia: An Emprical Study on Malaysian Small Firms, Journal of Strategic Marketing, Vol 1, No. 3.
Andwiani Sinarasri. “Analisis Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Strategi Bisnis Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Pedagang Kaki Lima Bidang Kuliner Di Semarang)” (Jurnal). Semarang: Universitas Muhammadiyah. 2013.
Arikunto, S. (2013). Prosedur Penulisan Suatu Pendekatan Praktik Cetakan Kelima Belas. Jakarta: Rinerka Cipta.
Baum, J. R., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. G. (2001). A multidimensional model of venture growth. Academy of management journal, 44(2), 292-303.
Beal, R. M. (2000). Competing effectively: environmental scanning, competitive strategy, and organizational performance in small manufacturing firms. Journal of small business management, 38(1), 27.
Chandler, G. N., & Hanks, S. H. (1994). Market attractiveness, resource-based capabilities, venture strategies, and venture performance. Journal of business venturing, 9(4), 331-349.
Covin, J. G. (1991). Entrepreneurial versus conservative firms: A comparison of strategies and performance. Journal of management studies, 28(5), 439-462.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 16(1), 7-26.
Craven, D. W,(2004). Strategic Marketing, Sevent Edition.
Gitman, L. J., Juchau, R., & Flanagan, J. (2015). Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU.
Han, J. K., Kim, N., & Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market orientation and organizational performance: is innovation a missing link?. The Journal of marketing, 30-45.
Hashim, S. F., Tajuddin, R. M., & Zainol, A. S. (2015). Creating Resilient SME Through Brand Identity (Case Study of Bumiputera Fashion Entrepreneurs in Malaysia. International Academic Research Journal of Social Science, 1(2), 2015.
Jauch, L. R., & Glueck, W. F. (1988). Business policy and strategic management. McGraw-Hill.
Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. The Journal of marketing, 53-70.
Jonker, J., Pennink, B. J. W., & Wahyuni, S. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian: Panduan untuk Master dan Ph. D. di Bidang Manajemen. Jagakarsa, Jakarta (Indonesia): Penerbit Salemba Empat.
Kumar, K., & Subramanian, R. (2000). Navigating the external environment through a market orientation. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 65(1), 16.
Kuwayama, M. (2001). E-Commerce and export promotion policies for small and medium-sized enterprises: East Asian and Latin American experiences (Vol. 13). United Nations Publications.
Lee, D. Y., & Tsang, E. W. (2001). The effects of entrepreneurial personality, background and network activities on venture growth. Journal of management studies, 38(4), 583-602.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
McGrath, R. G. (1996, August). Options and The Enterprise: toward a Strategic Theory of Entrepreneurial Wealth Creation. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 1996, No. 1, pp. 101-105). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Narver, J. C., & Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. The Journal of marketing, 20-35.
Purwanti, E. (2012). Pengaruh Pangsa Pasar, Rasio Leverage, Intensitas Modal Terhadap Profitabilitas Koperasi Simpan Pinjam di Salatiga. Jurnal Ilmiah Among Makarti, 3(5).
Riyanto, Y. (2001). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan.
Sapienza, H. J., Smith, K. G., & Gannon, M. J. (1988). Using subjective evaluations of organizational performance in small business research. American Journal of Small Business, 12(3), 45-54.
Saskara, I. N., & Putra, I. (2013). Efektivitas dan Dampak Program Bantuan Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) terhadap Pendapatan dan Kesempatan Kerja Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Denpasar. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana, 2(10).
Setiawan, H. (2012). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Teknologi dan Inovasi Produk Terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing Usaha Songket Skala Kecil di Kota Palembang. ORASI BISNIS, 8(2).
Sugiyono, P. D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Manajemen. Bandung: Alfabeta, CV.
Weston, F. J dan Thomas, E Copeland. 1997. Manajemen Keuangan: Jilid, 2.
Weston, J. F., & Brigham, E. F. (1986). Fundamental of Financial Management. Edisi Tujuh.
Wiklund, J. (1999). The sustainability of the entrepreneurial orientation—performance relationship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 24(1), 37-48.
Zheng, C., & Khavul, S. (2005). Capability development, learning and growth in international entrepreneurial firms: evidence from China. In International entrepreneurship (pp. 273-296). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Zhou, K. Z., Brown, J. R., & Dev, C. S. (2009). Market orientation, competitive advantage, and performance: A demand-based perspective. Journal of business research, 62(11), 1063-1070.
Alam, M.M., (2013), Effect of Market Orientation on Small Business Perormance in SmallTown In Malaysia: An Emprical Study on Malaysian Small Firms, Journal of Strategic Marketing, Vol 1, No. 3.
Andwiani Sinarasri. “Analisis Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Strategi Bisnis Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Pedagang Kaki Lima Bidang Kuliner Di Semarang)” (Jurnal). Semarang: Universitas Muhammadiyah. 2013.
Arikunto, S. (2013). Prosedur Penulisan Suatu Pendekatan Praktik Cetakan Kelima Belas. Jakarta: Rinerka Cipta.
Baum, J. R., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. G. (2001). A multidimensional model of venture growth. Academy of management journal, 44(2), 292-303.
Beal, R. M. (2000). Competing effectively: environmental scanning, competitive strategy, and organizational performance in small manufacturing firms. Journal of small business management, 38(1), 27.
Chandler, G. N., & Hanks, S. H. (1994). Market attractiveness, resource-based capabilities, venture strategies, and venture performance. Journal of business venturing, 9(4), 331-349.
Covin, J. G. (1991). Entrepreneurial versus conservative firms: A comparison of strategies and performance. Journal of management studies, 28(5), 439-462.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 16(1), 7-26.
Craven, D. W,(2004). Strategic Marketing, Sevent Edition.
Gitman, L. J., Juchau, R., & Flanagan, J. (2015). Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU.
Han, J. K., Kim, N., & Srivastava, R. K. (1998). Market orientation and organizational performance: is innovation a missing link?. The Journal of marketing, 30-45.
Hashim, S. F., Tajuddin, R. M., & Zainol, A. S. (2015). Creating Resilient SME Through Brand Identity (Case Study of Bumiputera Fashion Entrepreneurs in Malaysia. International Academic Research Journal of Social Science, 1(2), 2015.
Jauch, L. R., & Glueck, W. F. (1988). Business policy and strategic management. McGraw-Hill.
Jaworski, B. J., & Kohli, A. K. (1993). Market orientation: antecedents and consequences. The Journal of marketing, 53-70.
Jonker, J., Pennink, B. J. W., & Wahyuni, S. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian: Panduan untuk Master dan Ph. D. di Bidang Manajemen. Jagakarsa, Jakarta (Indonesia): Penerbit Salemba Empat.
Kumar, K., & Subramanian, R. (2000). Navigating the external environment through a market orientation. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 65(1), 16.
Kuwayama, M. (2001). E-Commerce and export promotion policies for small and medium-sized enterprises: East Asian and Latin American experiences (Vol. 13). United Nations Publications.
Lee, D. Y., & Tsang, E. W. (2001). The effects of entrepreneurial personality, background and network activities on venture growth. Journal of management studies, 38(4), 583-602.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
McGrath, R. G. (1996, August). Options and The Enterprise: toward a Strategic Theory of Entrepreneurial Wealth Creation. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 1996, No. 1, pp. 101-105). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Narver, J. C., & Slater, S. F. (1990). The effect of a market orientation on business profitability. The Journal of marketing, 20-35.
Purwanti, E. (2012). Pengaruh Pangsa Pasar, Rasio Leverage, Intensitas Modal Terhadap Profitabilitas Koperasi Simpan Pinjam di Salatiga. Jurnal Ilmiah Among Makarti, 3(5).
Riyanto, Y. (2001). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan.
Sapienza, H. J., Smith, K. G., & Gannon, M. J. (1988). Using subjective evaluations of organizational performance in small business research. American Journal of Small Business, 12(3), 45-54.
Saskara, I. N., & Putra, I. (2013). Efektivitas dan Dampak Program Bantuan Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) terhadap Pendapatan dan Kesempatan Kerja Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Denpasar. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana, 2(10).
Setiawan, H. (2012). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Teknologi dan Inovasi Produk Terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing Usaha Songket Skala Kecil di Kota Palembang. ORASI BISNIS, 8(2).
Sugiyono, P. D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Manajemen. Bandung: Alfabeta, CV.
Weston, F. J dan Thomas, E Copeland. 1997. Manajemen Keuangan: Jilid, 2.
Weston, J. F., & Brigham, E. F. (1986). Fundamental of Financial Management. Edisi Tujuh.
Wiklund, J. (1999). The sustainability of the entrepreneurial orientation—performance relationship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 24(1), 37-48.
Zheng, C., & Khavul, S. (2005). Capability development, learning and growth in international entrepreneurial firms: evidence from China. In International entrepreneurship (pp. 273-296). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Zhou, K. Z., Brown, J. R., & Dev, C. S. (2009). Market orientation, competitive advantage, and performance: A demand-based perspective. Journal of business research, 62(11), 1063-1070.