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Copyright (c) 2025 Moh. Zulkifli Murfat, Mari Murfat, Mahathir Mohamad, Ali Anas (Author)

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Smiles, Systems, and Support: How Technology and Workplace Climate Shape Frontline Employee Growth
Corresponding Author(s) : Moh. Zulkifli Murfat
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): December
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- Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Labour force situation in Indonesia: 2024 report. Jakarta: BPS-Statistics Indonesia.
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
- Bondarouk, T., & Brewster, C. (2022). The future of HRM and technology research. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100873
- Cropanzano, R., Anthony, E. L., Daniels, S. R., & Hall, A. V. (2017). Social exchange theory: A critical review with theoretical remedies. Academy of Management Annals, 11(1), 479–516. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2015.0099
- Eisenberger, R., Malone, G. P., & Presson, W. D. (2020). Optimizing perceived organizational support to enhance employee engagement. Society for Human Resource Management and Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Research Report. https://doi.org/10.1037/e518352020-001
- Farndale, E., & Sanders, K. (2017). Conceptualizing HRM system strength through a cross-cultural lens. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(1), 132–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1239124
- Frazier, M. L., Fainshmidt, S., Klinger, R. L., Pezeshkan, A., & Vracheva, V. (2017). Psychological safety: A meta-analytic review and extension. Personnel Psychology, 70(1), 113–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12183
- Gibbs, J. L., Mengel, T., & Siemsen, E. (2021). Work design and digitalization: Implications for learning and development. Human Resource Management, 60(4), 473–489. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22053
- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
- Heffernan, M., Cafferkey, K., Harney, B., Townsend, K., & Dundon, T. (2022). HRM system strength and employee well-being: The role of internal process and open systems. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 60(1), 171–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12302
- Hu, J., Kwan, H. K., & Zhang, X. (2024). Digital HRM, perceived organizational support, and work engagement: A conservation of resources perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 119, 103721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103721
- International Labour Organization. (2023). ASEAN digital transformation and the future of work. Geneva: ILO.
- Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., & Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1264–1294. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0088
- Kleine, A.-K., Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2019). Thriving at work: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(9–10), 973–999. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2375
- Lesener, T., Gusy, B., & Wolter, C. (2019). The job demands–resources model: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies. Work & Stress, 33(1), 76–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2018.1529065
- Li, Y.-H., Huang, J.-W., & Tsai, M.-T. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The role of knowledge creation process. Industrial Marketing Management, 38(4), 440–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.02.004
- Newman, A., Donohue, R., & Eva, N. (2017). Psychological safety: A systematic review of the literature. Human Resource Management Review, 27(3), 521–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.01.001
- Parent-Rocheleau, X., & Parker, S. K. (2022). Algorithms as work designers: Sociotechnical implications of algorithmic management for work and employees. Human Resource Management Review, 32(4), 100838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100838
- Parker, S. K., & Grote, G. (2020). Automation, algorithms, and beyond: Why work design matters more than ever in a digital world. Applied Psychology, 69(4), 1280–1322. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12241
- Pasmore, W. A. (2015). Research in socio-technical systems: Reflections on what we know and need to know moving forward. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 51(1), 32–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886314559847
- Ray, G., Barney, J. B., & Muhanna, W. A. (2004). Capabilities, business processes, and competitive advantage: Choosing the dependent variable in empirical tests of the resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 25(1), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.366
- Rockstuhl, T., Eisenberger, R., Shore, L. M., Kurtessis, J. N., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., & Mesdaghinia, S. (2020). Perceived organizational support across 54 nations: A cross-cultural meta-analysis of POS effects. Journal of International Business Studies, 51(6), 933–962. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00311-3
- Russell, R. D., & Russell, C. J. (1992). An examination of the effects of organizational norms, organizational structure, and environmental uncertainty on entrepreneurial strategy. Journal of Management, 18(4), 639–656. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639201800403
- Strohmeier, S. (2020). Digital human resource management: A conceptual clarification. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(3), 345–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002220921131
- Tarafdar, M., Cooper, C. L., & Stich, J.-F. (2019). The technostress trifecta—Techno eustress, techno distress and design: Theoretical directions and an agenda for research. Information Systems Journal, 29(1), 6–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12169
- Trist, E. L., & Bamforth, K. W. (1951). Some social and psychological consequences of the longwall method of coal-getting. Human Relations, 4(1), 3–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675100400101
- Yang, X., Guo, F., Chen, D., Li, J., Zhou, C., & Jiang, C. (2025). Understanding service performance of frontline employees from an employee–AI interaction perspective. Journal of Service Management. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-10-2023-0425
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Labour force situation in Indonesia: 2024 report. Jakarta: BPS-Statistics Indonesia.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
Bondarouk, T., & Brewster, C. (2022). The future of HRM and technology research. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100873
Cropanzano, R., Anthony, E. L., Daniels, S. R., & Hall, A. V. (2017). Social exchange theory: A critical review with theoretical remedies. Academy of Management Annals, 11(1), 479–516. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2015.0099
Eisenberger, R., Malone, G. P., & Presson, W. D. (2020). Optimizing perceived organizational support to enhance employee engagement. Society for Human Resource Management and Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Research Report. https://doi.org/10.1037/e518352020-001
Farndale, E., & Sanders, K. (2017). Conceptualizing HRM system strength through a cross-cultural lens. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(1), 132–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1239124
Frazier, M. L., Fainshmidt, S., Klinger, R. L., Pezeshkan, A., & Vracheva, V. (2017). Psychological safety: A meta-analytic review and extension. Personnel Psychology, 70(1), 113–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12183
Gibbs, J. L., Mengel, T., & Siemsen, E. (2021). Work design and digitalization: Implications for learning and development. Human Resource Management, 60(4), 473–489. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22053
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Heffernan, M., Cafferkey, K., Harney, B., Townsend, K., & Dundon, T. (2022). HRM system strength and employee well-being: The role of internal process and open systems. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 60(1), 171–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12302
Hu, J., Kwan, H. K., & Zhang, X. (2024). Digital HRM, perceived organizational support, and work engagement: A conservation of resources perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 119, 103721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103721
International Labour Organization. (2023). ASEAN digital transformation and the future of work. Geneva: ILO.
Jiang, K., Lepak, D. P., Hu, J., & Baer, J. C. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1264–1294. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0088
Kleine, A.-K., Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2019). Thriving at work: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(9–10), 973–999. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2375
Lesener, T., Gusy, B., & Wolter, C. (2019). The job demands–resources model: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies. Work & Stress, 33(1), 76–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2018.1529065
Li, Y.-H., Huang, J.-W., & Tsai, M.-T. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: The role of knowledge creation process. Industrial Marketing Management, 38(4), 440–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.02.004
Newman, A., Donohue, R., & Eva, N. (2017). Psychological safety: A systematic review of the literature. Human Resource Management Review, 27(3), 521–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.01.001
Parent-Rocheleau, X., & Parker, S. K. (2022). Algorithms as work designers: Sociotechnical implications of algorithmic management for work and employees. Human Resource Management Review, 32(4), 100838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100838
Parker, S. K., & Grote, G. (2020). Automation, algorithms, and beyond: Why work design matters more than ever in a digital world. Applied Psychology, 69(4), 1280–1322. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12241
Pasmore, W. A. (2015). Research in socio-technical systems: Reflections on what we know and need to know moving forward. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 51(1), 32–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886314559847
Ray, G., Barney, J. B., & Muhanna, W. A. (2004). Capabilities, business processes, and competitive advantage: Choosing the dependent variable in empirical tests of the resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 25(1), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.366
Rockstuhl, T., Eisenberger, R., Shore, L. M., Kurtessis, J. N., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., & Mesdaghinia, S. (2020). Perceived organizational support across 54 nations: A cross-cultural meta-analysis of POS effects. Journal of International Business Studies, 51(6), 933–962. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00311-3
Russell, R. D., & Russell, C. J. (1992). An examination of the effects of organizational norms, organizational structure, and environmental uncertainty on entrepreneurial strategy. Journal of Management, 18(4), 639–656. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639201800403
Strohmeier, S. (2020). Digital human resource management: A conceptual clarification. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(3), 345–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002220921131
Tarafdar, M., Cooper, C. L., & Stich, J.-F. (2019). The technostress trifecta—Techno eustress, techno distress and design: Theoretical directions and an agenda for research. Information Systems Journal, 29(1), 6–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12169
Trist, E. L., & Bamforth, K. W. (1951). Some social and psychological consequences of the longwall method of coal-getting. Human Relations, 4(1), 3–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675100400101
Yang, X., Guo, F., Chen, D., Li, J., Zhou, C., & Jiang, C. (2025). Understanding service performance of frontline employees from an employee–AI interaction perspective. Journal of Service Management. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-10-2023-0425