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Measuring Entrepreneurial Intentions: Does Entrepreneurial Orientation Moderate Perceived Behavioral Control?
Corresponding Author(s) : Wirawan Endro Dwi Radianto
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): June
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- Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
- Anwar, I., Saleem, I., Islam, K. M. B., Thoudam, P., & Khan, R. (2020). Entrepreneurial Intention Among Female University Students: Examining The Moderating Role Of Entrepreneurial Education. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 12(4), 217–234. https://doi.org/10.1504/jibed.2020.110254
- Aschwanden, D., Strickhouser, J. E., Sesker, A. A., Lee, J. H., Luchetti, M., Terracciano, A., & Sutin, A. R. (2021). Preventive Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Perceived Behavioral Control, Attitudes, and Subjective Norm. Frontiers in Public Health, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.662835
- Barba-Sánchez, V., Mitre-Aranda, M., & Brío-González, J. del. (2022). The Entrepreneurial Intention Of University Students: An Environmental Perspective. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(2), 100184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2021.100184
- Biclesanu, I., Anagnoste, S., Branga, O., & Savastano, M. (2021). Digital Entrepreneurship: Public Perception of Barriers, Drivers, and Future. Administrative Sciences, 11(4), 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11040125
- Bolton, D. L., & Lane, M. D. (2012). Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: Development Of A Measurement Instrument. Education + Training, 54(2/3), 219–233. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211210314
- Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual Capital: An Exploratory Study That Develops Measures And Models. Management Decision, 36(2), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749810204142
- Boso, N., Story, V. M., & Cadogan, J. W. (2013). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, Network Ties, And Performance: Study Of Entrepreneurial Firms In A Developing Economy. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(6), 708–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.04.001
- Cheung, G. W., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Lau, R. S., & Wang, L. C. (2024). Reporting Reliability, Convergent And Discriminant Validity With Structural Equation Modeling: A Review And Best-Practice Recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 41, 745–783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09871-y
- Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling (In G. A. Marcoulides. Modern Methods for Business Research, pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
- Cirstea, P., & Anagnoste, S. (2023). Young, Wild & Entrepreneurial: Generation Z’s Affinity for Entrepreneurship. Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Business Excellence, 17(1), 930–947. https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2023-0085
- Clark, D. R., Pidduck, R. J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Covin, J. G. (2023). Is It Okay to Study Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) at the Individual Level? Yes! Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 48(1), 349–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587231178885
- Dreyer, C., & Stojanová, H. (2023). How Entrepreneurial Is German Generation Z Vs. Generation Y? A Literature Review. Procedia Computer Science, 217, 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.12.211
- Efrata, T. C., Radianto, W. E. D., & Effendy, J. A. (2021a). The Dynamics Of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation In The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Education And Entrepreneurial Intention. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(3), 688–693. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.03.20
- Efrata, T. C., Radianto, W. E. D., & Effendy, J. A. (2021b). The Influence of Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Individual Innovativeness Matter? The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(2), 339–352. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no2.0339
- Ghozali, I. (2006). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program Spss. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
- Hagger, M. S., Cheung, M. W. L., Ajzen, I., & Hamilton, K. (2022). Perceived Behavioral Control Moderating Effects In The Theory Of Planned Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. Health Psychology, 41(2), 155–167. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001153
- Hail, T., Mohd, A., Rashid, A., El-Shekeil, I., & Lutfi, A. (2024). Exploring Factors Influencing Gen Z’s Acceptance and Adoption of AI and Cloud-Based Applications and Tools in Academic Attainment. Emerging Science Journal, 8(3), 815–836. https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2024-08-03-02
- Hair, J. F., Howard, M. C., & Nitzl, C. (2020). Assessing Measurement Model Quality In Pls-Sem Using Confirmatory Composite Analysis. Journal of Business Research, 109(1), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.069
- Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., Gudergan, S. P., Fischer, A., Nitzl, C., & Menictas, C. (2019). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling-Based Discrete Choice Modeling: An Illustration In Modeling Retailer Choice. Business Research, 12(1), 115–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-018-0072-4
- Handayani, R., & Lubis, A. S. (2023). Generation Z Interest Of Entrepreneurship In Padangsidimpuan City. Jurnal Ekobis Ekonomi Bisnis & Manajemen, 13(1), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.37932/j.e.v13i1.486
- Hasmidyani, D., Mardetini, E., & Amrina, D. E. (2022). Generasi Z Dan Kewirausahaan: Mengukur Intensi Berwirausaha Berbasis Theory Of Planned Behavior. Jurnal Ekonomi Pendidikan Dan Kewirausahaan, 10(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v10n1.p19-30
- Horswill, M. S., & McKenna, F. P. (2006). The Effect of Perceived Control on Risk Taking1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(2), 377–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb01392.x
- Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria For Fit Indexes In Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
- Ibrahim, M. (2024, October 16). Lima Fase Inovasi KemenKopUKM Tingkatkan Rasio Kewirausahaan jadi 4 Persen | Infobanknews. Infobanknews. https://infobanknews.com/lima-fase-inovasi-kemenkopukm-tingkatkan-rasio-kewirausahaan-jadi-4-persen/
- Ibrahim, N. A., & Mas’ud, A. (2016). Moderating Role Of Entrepreneurial Orientation On The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Skills, Environmental Factors And Entrepreneurial Intention: A Pls Approach. Management Science Letters, 6(3), 225–236. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2016.1.005
- Idrees, F., Hassan, H., Syed, T., Ahmad, S. N., & Khan, M. M. (2022). Perceived Behavioral Control Mediates the Relationship between Personal Characteristics and Psycho-Sociological Factors, and Entrepreneurial Inten-tions. Research Journal for Societal Issues, 4(1), 217–232. https://doi.org/10.56976/rjsi.v4i1.50
- Khan, C. B. A. (2022). Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Attitude Towards Intent to Start a New Venture. International Multi-Topic Conference, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/INMIC56986.2022.9972971
- Kreiser, P. M., Marino, L. D., Dickson, P., & Weaver, K. M. (2010). Cultural Influences on Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Impact of National Culture on Risk Taking and Proactiveness in SMEs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(5), 959–983. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00396.x
- Kristiawan, M., Nizarani, & Syamsidar. (2019). Role Of School On Forming Character Of Z-Generation Through Entrepreneurial Skills. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(10), 1941–1945.
- Kumar, N., Garg, P., & Singh, S. (2022). Pro-Environmental Purchase Intention Towards Eco-Friendly Apparel: Augmenting The Theory Of Planned Behavior With Perceived Consumer Effectiveness And Environmental Concern. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 13(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2021.2016062
- Kusio, T., & Fiore, M. (2020). The Perception Of Entrepreneurship Culture By Internal University Stakeholders. European Business Review, 32(3), 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-05-2019-0087
- Lee, S., & Vincent, C. (2021). Analysis and Evaluation of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Advances in Nursing Science, 44(4), 127–140. https://doi.org/10.1097/ans.0000000000000369
- Li, W. ., & Lay, Y. F. . (2024). Examining the reliability and validity of measuring scales related to informatization and instructional leadership using the PLS-SEM approach . Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 12(3), 461–480. https://doi.org/10.18488/73.v12i3.3789
- Linan, F., & Chen, Y.-W. (2009). Development and Cross-Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593–617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x
- Linan, F., Urbano, D., & Guerrero, M. (2011). Regional Variations In Entrepreneurial Cognitions: Start-Up Intentions Of University Students In Spain. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23(3-4), 187–215. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620903233929
- Lohmöller, J.-B. (1989). Latent Variable Path Modeling with Partial Least Squares. Physica-Verlag HD. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52512-4
- Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172. https://doi.org/10.2307/258632
- Mustofa, A., & Setiawan, A. (2022). Perceived Behavioral Control Builds Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(3), 3241–3248. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i3.1511
- Nurfadilah, D. (2024). Faktor Yang Mendorong Minat Wirausaha Gen Z Menggunakan Platform E-Commerce. KONTAN: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.59818/kontan.v3i1.171
- Otchengco, A. M., & Akiate, Y. W. D. (2021). Entrepreneurial Intentions On Perceived Behavioral Control And Personal Attitude: Moderated By Structural Support. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 15(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-08-2020-0124
- Pihie, L., & Akmaliah, Z. (2009). Entrepreneurship As A Career Choice: An Analysis Of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy And Intention Of University Students. European Journal of Social Sciences, 9, 338–349.
- Pohan, M., & Rialdy, N. N. (2024). Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Gen Z Dalam Menentukan Bisnis Yang Diminati Sebagai Usaha Kecil. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 2(6), 295–302. https://doi.org/10.61722/jiem.v2i6.1430
- Saraswati, T. T., Indrawati, A., & Wardana, L. W. (2021). Do Entrepreneurial Mindset and Perceived Behavioural Control Matter Entrepreneurial Intention? Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB), 9(2), 131–145. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpeb.009.2.5
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References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Anwar, I., Saleem, I., Islam, K. M. B., Thoudam, P., & Khan, R. (2020). Entrepreneurial Intention Among Female University Students: Examining The Moderating Role Of Entrepreneurial Education. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 12(4), 217–234. https://doi.org/10.1504/jibed.2020.110254
Aschwanden, D., Strickhouser, J. E., Sesker, A. A., Lee, J. H., Luchetti, M., Terracciano, A., & Sutin, A. R. (2021). Preventive Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Perceived Behavioral Control, Attitudes, and Subjective Norm. Frontiers in Public Health, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.662835
Barba-Sánchez, V., Mitre-Aranda, M., & Brío-González, J. del. (2022). The Entrepreneurial Intention Of University Students: An Environmental Perspective. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(2), 100184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2021.100184
Biclesanu, I., Anagnoste, S., Branga, O., & Savastano, M. (2021). Digital Entrepreneurship: Public Perception of Barriers, Drivers, and Future. Administrative Sciences, 11(4), 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11040125
Bolton, D. L., & Lane, M. D. (2012). Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: Development Of A Measurement Instrument. Education + Training, 54(2/3), 219–233. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911211210314
Bontis, N. (1998). Intellectual Capital: An Exploratory Study That Develops Measures And Models. Management Decision, 36(2), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749810204142
Boso, N., Story, V. M., & Cadogan, J. W. (2013). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, Network Ties, And Performance: Study Of Entrepreneurial Firms In A Developing Economy. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(6), 708–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.04.001
Cheung, G. W., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Lau, R. S., & Wang, L. C. (2024). Reporting Reliability, Convergent And Discriminant Validity With Structural Equation Modeling: A Review And Best-Practice Recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 41, 745–783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09871-y
Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling (In G. A. Marcoulides. Modern Methods for Business Research, pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Cirstea, P., & Anagnoste, S. (2023). Young, Wild & Entrepreneurial: Generation Z’s Affinity for Entrepreneurship. Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Business Excellence, 17(1), 930–947. https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2023-0085
Clark, D. R., Pidduck, R. J., Lumpkin, G. T., & Covin, J. G. (2023). Is It Okay to Study Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) at the Individual Level? Yes! Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 48(1), 349–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587231178885
Dreyer, C., & Stojanová, H. (2023). How Entrepreneurial Is German Generation Z Vs. Generation Y? A Literature Review. Procedia Computer Science, 217, 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.12.211
Efrata, T. C., Radianto, W. E. D., & Effendy, J. A. (2021a). The Dynamics Of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation In The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Education And Entrepreneurial Intention. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(3), 688–693. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.03.20
Efrata, T. C., Radianto, W. E. D., & Effendy, J. A. (2021b). The Influence of Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intention: Does Individual Innovativeness Matter? The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(2), 339–352. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no2.0339
Ghozali, I. (2006). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program Spss. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hagger, M. S., Cheung, M. W. L., Ajzen, I., & Hamilton, K. (2022). Perceived Behavioral Control Moderating Effects In The Theory Of Planned Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. Health Psychology, 41(2), 155–167. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001153
Hail, T., Mohd, A., Rashid, A., El-Shekeil, I., & Lutfi, A. (2024). Exploring Factors Influencing Gen Z’s Acceptance and Adoption of AI and Cloud-Based Applications and Tools in Academic Attainment. Emerging Science Journal, 8(3), 815–836. https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2024-08-03-02
Hair, J. F., Howard, M. C., & Nitzl, C. (2020). Assessing Measurement Model Quality In Pls-Sem Using Confirmatory Composite Analysis. Journal of Business Research, 109(1), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.069
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., Gudergan, S. P., Fischer, A., Nitzl, C., & Menictas, C. (2019). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling-Based Discrete Choice Modeling: An Illustration In Modeling Retailer Choice. Business Research, 12(1), 115–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-018-0072-4
Handayani, R., & Lubis, A. S. (2023). Generation Z Interest Of Entrepreneurship In Padangsidimpuan City. Jurnal Ekobis Ekonomi Bisnis & Manajemen, 13(1), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.37932/j.e.v13i1.486
Hasmidyani, D., Mardetini, E., & Amrina, D. E. (2022). Generasi Z Dan Kewirausahaan: Mengukur Intensi Berwirausaha Berbasis Theory Of Planned Behavior. Jurnal Ekonomi Pendidikan Dan Kewirausahaan, 10(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v10n1.p19-30
Horswill, M. S., & McKenna, F. P. (2006). The Effect of Perceived Control on Risk Taking1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(2), 377–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb01392.x
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff Criteria For Fit Indexes In Covariance Structure Analysis: Conventional Criteria Versus New Alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Ibrahim, M. (2024, October 16). Lima Fase Inovasi KemenKopUKM Tingkatkan Rasio Kewirausahaan jadi 4 Persen | Infobanknews. Infobanknews. https://infobanknews.com/lima-fase-inovasi-kemenkopukm-tingkatkan-rasio-kewirausahaan-jadi-4-persen/
Ibrahim, N. A., & Mas’ud, A. (2016). Moderating Role Of Entrepreneurial Orientation On The Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Skills, Environmental Factors And Entrepreneurial Intention: A Pls Approach. Management Science Letters, 6(3), 225–236. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2016.1.005
Idrees, F., Hassan, H., Syed, T., Ahmad, S. N., & Khan, M. M. (2022). Perceived Behavioral Control Mediates the Relationship between Personal Characteristics and Psycho-Sociological Factors, and Entrepreneurial Inten-tions. Research Journal for Societal Issues, 4(1), 217–232. https://doi.org/10.56976/rjsi.v4i1.50
Khan, C. B. A. (2022). Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Attitude Towards Intent to Start a New Venture. International Multi-Topic Conference, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/INMIC56986.2022.9972971
Kreiser, P. M., Marino, L. D., Dickson, P., & Weaver, K. M. (2010). Cultural Influences on Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Impact of National Culture on Risk Taking and Proactiveness in SMEs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34(5), 959–983. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00396.x
Kristiawan, M., Nizarani, & Syamsidar. (2019). Role Of School On Forming Character Of Z-Generation Through Entrepreneurial Skills. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(10), 1941–1945.
Kumar, N., Garg, P., & Singh, S. (2022). Pro-Environmental Purchase Intention Towards Eco-Friendly Apparel: Augmenting The Theory Of Planned Behavior With Perceived Consumer Effectiveness And Environmental Concern. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 13(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2021.2016062
Kusio, T., & Fiore, M. (2020). The Perception Of Entrepreneurship Culture By Internal University Stakeholders. European Business Review, 32(3), 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-05-2019-0087
Lee, S., & Vincent, C. (2021). Analysis and Evaluation of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Advances in Nursing Science, 44(4), 127–140. https://doi.org/10.1097/ans.0000000000000369
Li, W. ., & Lay, Y. F. . (2024). Examining the reliability and validity of measuring scales related to informatization and instructional leadership using the PLS-SEM approach . Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 12(3), 461–480. https://doi.org/10.18488/73.v12i3.3789
Linan, F., & Chen, Y.-W. (2009). Development and Cross-Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593–617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x
Linan, F., Urbano, D., & Guerrero, M. (2011). Regional Variations In Entrepreneurial Cognitions: Start-Up Intentions Of University Students In Spain. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23(3-4), 187–215. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620903233929
Lohmöller, J.-B. (1989). Latent Variable Path Modeling with Partial Least Squares. Physica-Verlag HD. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52512-4
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172. https://doi.org/10.2307/258632
Mustofa, A., & Setiawan, A. (2022). Perceived Behavioral Control Builds Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 14(3), 3241–3248. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i3.1511
Nurfadilah, D. (2024). Faktor Yang Mendorong Minat Wirausaha Gen Z Menggunakan Platform E-Commerce. KONTAN: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.59818/kontan.v3i1.171
Otchengco, A. M., & Akiate, Y. W. D. (2021). Entrepreneurial Intentions On Perceived Behavioral Control And Personal Attitude: Moderated By Structural Support. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 15(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-08-2020-0124
Pihie, L., & Akmaliah, Z. (2009). Entrepreneurship As A Career Choice: An Analysis Of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy And Intention Of University Students. European Journal of Social Sciences, 9, 338–349.
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