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Copyright (c) 2025 Moch Ihsan Syahputra, Anissa Lestari Kadiyono, Marina Sulastiana (Author)

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Retail Employees’ Job Hopping: The Roles of Exhaustion, Satisfaction, and Support
Corresponding Author(s) : Moch Ihsan Syahputra
Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi,
Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): December
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- Afsar, B., & Umrani, W. A. (2020). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of motivation to learn, task complexity and innovation climate. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(3), 402–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-12-2018-0257
- Ahmad, N. A., Ismail, A., & Sham, F. M. (2020). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 9(4), 421–425. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.D5038.119420
- Albalawi, A. S., Naugton, S., Elayan, M. B., & Sleimi, M. T. (2019). Perceived Organizational Support, Alternative Job Opportunity, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: A Moderated-mediated Model. Organizacija, 52(4), 310–324. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2019-0019
- Al-Suraihi, W. A., Samikon, S. A., Al-Suraihi, A.-H. A., & Ibrahim, I. (2021). Employee Turnover: Causes, Importance and Retention Strategies. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 6(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.3.893
- Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity. In The Academy of Management Journal (Vol. 39, Issue 5).
- Apriliani, A., Kadiyono, A. L., Fitriana, E., & Sulastiana, M. (2025). Personality Influencing Job Hopping Motives and Their Underlying Factors: A Preliminary Study. https://ssrn.com/abstract=5381874
- Arens, A. K., & Morin, A. J. S. (2016). Relations Between Teachers’ Emotional Exhaustion and Students’ Educational Outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000105.supp
- Aulia, N., Daud, I., Marumpe, D. P., Tanjungpura, U., Prof, J., Hadari, H., Jendral, N. /, & Yani, A. (2025). Exploring job hopping in Indonesian generation z: Grit, perceived organizational support, and job satisfaction. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 8(1), 199–207. www.exsys.iocspublisher.org/index.php/JMAS
- Bacon, D. R., Sauer, P. L., & Young, M. (1995). Composite Reliability in Structural Equations Modeling. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 55(3), 394–406. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164495055003003
- Baharum, H., Ismail, A., Awang, Z., McKenna, L., Ibrahim, R., Mohamed, Z., & Hassan, N. H. (2023). Validating an Instrument for Measuring Newly Graduated Nurses’ Adaptation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042860
- Bakker, A. B. , & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285.
- Baran, B. E., Shanock, L. R., & Miller, L. R. (2012). Advancing Organizational Support Theory into the Twenty-First Century World of Work. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27(2), 123–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-011-9236-3
- Callista, A. W., & Fajrianthi. (2021). Pengaruh Psychological Capital dan Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Intensi Job Hopping Pekerja Generasi Milenial. Buletin Riset Psikologi Dan Kesehatan Mental, 1. http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/BRPKM
- Chen, X., Al Mamun, A., Hussain, W. M. H. W., Jingzu, G., Yang, Q., & Al Shami, S. S. A. (2023). Envisaging the job satisfaction and turnover intention among the young workforce: Evidence from an emerging economy. PLoS ONE, 18(6 JUNE). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287284
- Chernyak-Hai, L., & Rabenu, E. (2018). The New Era Workplace Relationships: Is Social Exchange Theory Still Relevant? In Industrial and Organizational Psychology (Vol. 11, Issue 3, pp. 456–481). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2018.5
- Chung, T. L., Rutherford, B., & Park, J. (2012). Understanding multifaceted job satisfaction of retail employees. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 40(9), 699–716. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590551211255974
- Churchill, G. A., Ford, N. M., & Walker, O. C. (1976). Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction in the Salesforce. Journal Of Marketing Research, XIII, 323–332.
- Coase, R. H. (1937). The Nature of the Firm. Economica.
- Crocker, L. , & Algina, J. (2008). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. Cengage Learning.
- Cropanzano, R., Deborah E. Rupp, Carolyn J. Mohler, & Marshall Schminke. (2003). Three roads to organizational justice. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 20, 1–13.
- Du Plooy, J., & Roodt, G. (2010). Work engagement, burnout and related constructs as predictors of turnover intentions. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v36i1.910
- Ducharme, L. J., Knudsen, H. K., & Roman, P. M. (2008). Emotional exhaustion and turnover intention in human service occupations: The protective role of coworker support. Sociological Spectrum, 28(1), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732170701675268
- Duong, C. H., & Ho, Y.-H. (2024). Perceived organizational support and its impact on employee’s intention to stay: Dataset from the electronics industry in Vietnam. Table. Data in Brief. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110428
- Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 71, Issue 3).
- Faragher, E. B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: A meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2002.006734
- Faroque, O., Sheikh, B., Rahman, M., Ferdausy, S., & Rahman, M. S. (2020). Factors Affecting the Job Satisfaction of the Employees in the Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh Article in Journal of Management Research. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344352900
- Feng, W. C., & Angeline, T. (2010). Turnover intention and job hopping behaviour of music teachers in Malaysia. African Journal of Business Management, 4(4), 425–434. http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM
- Fitriya, A., & Kustini, K. (2023). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Pengawasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Disiplin Kerja. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 5 no 2. https://doi.org/10.47476/reslaj.v5i2.1786
- Gerhart, B. (1990). "Voluntary Turnover and Alternative Job Opportunities. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 75, Issue 5).
- Giauque, D., Anderfuhren-Biget, S., & Varone, F. (2013). HRM practices, intrinsic motivators, and organizational performance in the public sector. Public Personnel Management, 42(2), 123–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026013487121
- Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donelly, J. J. H., & Konopaske, R. (2012). Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes, (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill Irwin.
- Goretzko, D., Siemund, K., & Sterner, P. (2024). Evaluating Model Fit of Measurement Models in Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 84(1), 123–144. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644231163813
- Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of work-life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.010
- Hackman, J., & Oldham, G. R. (1974). he Job Diagnostic Survey: An Instrument for the Diagnosis of Jobs and the Evaluation of Job Redesign Projects.
- Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. In European Business Review (Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 2–24). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
- Haji-Othman, Y., & Yusuff, M. S. S. (2022). Assessing Reliability and Validity of Attitude Construct Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i5/13289
- Hao, S., Hong, W., Xu, H., Zhou, L., & Xie, Z. (2015). Relationship between resilience, stress and burnout among civil servants in Beijing, China: Mediating and moderating effect analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 83, 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.048
- Herianto, F., & Yanuar. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support Terhadap Turnover Intention Dengan Job Satisfaction Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Pt. Bank Mnc Di Jakarta Pusat. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, 3.
- Hom, P. W., & Griffeth, R. W. (1995). Employee turnover (R. G. Haubner, Ed.). International Thomson Publishing .
- Hur, Y. (2025). Assessing the Effects of Workplace Contextual Factors on Turnover Intention: Evidence from U.S. Federal Employees. Public Organization Review, 25(1), 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-024-00784-y
- Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E., & Patton, G. K. (2001). The Job Satisfaction-Job Performance Relationship: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review. In Psychological Bulletin (Vol. 127, Issue 3).
- Kafeel, N., & Alvi, A. K. (2015). What Play Significant Role In Increasing Turnover Intention: Job Hopping Or Perceived Organizational Politics? ResearchGate, 4781–4786. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337533528
- Khan, M. A., Shafique, D. Z., & Qasim, A. (2022). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support Program on Employee Performance in the Presence of Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Social Science And Human Research, 05(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i12-33
- Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. Guilford Publications.
- Lake, C. J., Highhouse, S., & Shrift, A. G. (2017). Validation of the Job-Hopping Motives Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(3), 531–548. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072717722765
- Lee, R. L., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.123
- Lim, J., & Moon, K. K. (2023). Exploring the Effect of Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Korean Firefighters. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054379
- Lin, M. H., Yen, Y. H., Chuang, T. F., Yang, P. Sen, & Chuang, M. Da. (2024). The impact of job stress on job satisfaction and turnover intentions among bank employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1482968
- Majeed, H., Shahid, M., Ibrahim Al-Sulaiti, K., & Al-Sulaiti, I. (2023). Emotional Exhaustion, Organizational Commitment, and Job Hopping in the Banking Sector: A Mediation Analysis Approach. Journal of Excellence in Management Sciences, 2(2), 44–61.
- Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout*. Journal Of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99–113.
- Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job Burnout. www.annualreviews.org
- McNeish, D., & Wolf, M. G. (2023). Dynamic fit index cutoffs for confirmatory factor analysis models. Psychological Methods, 28(1), 61–88.
- Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A Three-Component Conceptualization Of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1.
- Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate Linkages in the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 62, Issue 2).
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- Naini, N. F., & Riyanto, S. (2023). The Influence of Perceived Organizational Support and Work-Life Balance on Turnover Intention Through Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Islamic Business and Management Review, 3(2), 183–193. https://doi.org/10.54099/ijibmr.v3i2.814
- Nguyen, H. P., & Le, H. N. (2022). Determinants of job-hopping behavior: the case of information technology sector. International Journal of Law and Management, 64(3), 308–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-06-2020-0178
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References
Afsar, B., & Umrani, W. A. (2020). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of motivation to learn, task complexity and innovation climate. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(3), 402–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-12-2018-0257
Ahmad, N. A., Ismail, A., & Sham, F. M. (2020). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 9(4), 421–425. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.D5038.119420
Albalawi, A. S., Naugton, S., Elayan, M. B., & Sleimi, M. T. (2019). Perceived Organizational Support, Alternative Job Opportunity, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: A Moderated-mediated Model. Organizacija, 52(4), 310–324. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2019-0019
Al-Suraihi, W. A., Samikon, S. A., Al-Suraihi, A.-H. A., & Ibrahim, I. (2021). Employee Turnover: Causes, Importance and Retention Strategies. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 6(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.3.893
Amabile, T. M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J., & Herron, M. (1996). Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity. In The Academy of Management Journal (Vol. 39, Issue 5).
Apriliani, A., Kadiyono, A. L., Fitriana, E., & Sulastiana, M. (2025). Personality Influencing Job Hopping Motives and Their Underlying Factors: A Preliminary Study. https://ssrn.com/abstract=5381874
Arens, A. K., & Morin, A. J. S. (2016). Relations Between Teachers’ Emotional Exhaustion and Students’ Educational Outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000105.supp
Aulia, N., Daud, I., Marumpe, D. P., Tanjungpura, U., Prof, J., Hadari, H., Jendral, N. /, & Yani, A. (2025). Exploring job hopping in Indonesian generation z: Grit, perceived organizational support, and job satisfaction. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 8(1), 199–207. www.exsys.iocspublisher.org/index.php/JMAS
Bacon, D. R., Sauer, P. L., & Young, M. (1995). Composite Reliability in Structural Equations Modeling. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 55(3), 394–406. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164495055003003
Baharum, H., Ismail, A., Awang, Z., McKenna, L., Ibrahim, R., Mohamed, Z., & Hassan, N. H. (2023). Validating an Instrument for Measuring Newly Graduated Nurses’ Adaptation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042860
Bakker, A. B. , & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285.
Baran, B. E., Shanock, L. R., & Miller, L. R. (2012). Advancing Organizational Support Theory into the Twenty-First Century World of Work. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27(2), 123–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-011-9236-3
Callista, A. W., & Fajrianthi. (2021). Pengaruh Psychological Capital dan Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Intensi Job Hopping Pekerja Generasi Milenial. Buletin Riset Psikologi Dan Kesehatan Mental, 1. http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/BRPKM
Chen, X., Al Mamun, A., Hussain, W. M. H. W., Jingzu, G., Yang, Q., & Al Shami, S. S. A. (2023). Envisaging the job satisfaction and turnover intention among the young workforce: Evidence from an emerging economy. PLoS ONE, 18(6 JUNE). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287284
Chernyak-Hai, L., & Rabenu, E. (2018). The New Era Workplace Relationships: Is Social Exchange Theory Still Relevant? In Industrial and Organizational Psychology (Vol. 11, Issue 3, pp. 456–481). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2018.5
Chung, T. L., Rutherford, B., & Park, J. (2012). Understanding multifaceted job satisfaction of retail employees. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 40(9), 699–716. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590551211255974
Churchill, G. A., Ford, N. M., & Walker, O. C. (1976). Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction in the Salesforce. Journal Of Marketing Research, XIII, 323–332.
Coase, R. H. (1937). The Nature of the Firm. Economica.
Crocker, L. , & Algina, J. (2008). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. Cengage Learning.
Cropanzano, R., Deborah E. Rupp, Carolyn J. Mohler, & Marshall Schminke. (2003). Three roads to organizational justice. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 20, 1–13.
Du Plooy, J., & Roodt, G. (2010). Work engagement, burnout and related constructs as predictors of turnover intentions. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v36i1.910
Ducharme, L. J., Knudsen, H. K., & Roman, P. M. (2008). Emotional exhaustion and turnover intention in human service occupations: The protective role of coworker support. Sociological Spectrum, 28(1), 81–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732170701675268
Duong, C. H., & Ho, Y.-H. (2024). Perceived organizational support and its impact on employee’s intention to stay: Dataset from the electronics industry in Vietnam. Table. Data in Brief. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110428
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 71, Issue 3).
Faragher, E. B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: A meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2002.006734
Faroque, O., Sheikh, B., Rahman, M., Ferdausy, S., & Rahman, M. S. (2020). Factors Affecting the Job Satisfaction of the Employees in the Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh Article in Journal of Management Research. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344352900
Feng, W. C., & Angeline, T. (2010). Turnover intention and job hopping behaviour of music teachers in Malaysia. African Journal of Business Management, 4(4), 425–434. http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM
Fitriya, A., & Kustini, K. (2023). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Pengawasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Disiplin Kerja. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 5 no 2. https://doi.org/10.47476/reslaj.v5i2.1786
Gerhart, B. (1990). "Voluntary Turnover and Alternative Job Opportunities. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 75, Issue 5).
Giauque, D., Anderfuhren-Biget, S., & Varone, F. (2013). HRM practices, intrinsic motivators, and organizational performance in the public sector. Public Personnel Management, 42(2), 123–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026013487121
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donelly, J. J. H., & Konopaske, R. (2012). Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes, (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Goretzko, D., Siemund, K., & Sterner, P. (2024). Evaluating Model Fit of Measurement Models in Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 84(1), 123–144. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644231163813
Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of work-life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.010
Hackman, J., & Oldham, G. R. (1974). he Job Diagnostic Survey: An Instrument for the Diagnosis of Jobs and the Evaluation of Job Redesign Projects.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. In European Business Review (Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 2–24). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Haji-Othman, Y., & Yusuff, M. S. S. (2022). Assessing Reliability and Validity of Attitude Construct Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i5/13289
Hao, S., Hong, W., Xu, H., Zhou, L., & Xie, Z. (2015). Relationship between resilience, stress and burnout among civil servants in Beijing, China: Mediating and moderating effect analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 83, 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.048
Herianto, F., & Yanuar. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support Terhadap Turnover Intention Dengan Job Satisfaction Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Pt. Bank Mnc Di Jakarta Pusat. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, 3.
Hom, P. W., & Griffeth, R. W. (1995). Employee turnover (R. G. Haubner, Ed.). International Thomson Publishing .
Hur, Y. (2025). Assessing the Effects of Workplace Contextual Factors on Turnover Intention: Evidence from U.S. Federal Employees. Public Organization Review, 25(1), 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-024-00784-y
Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E., & Patton, G. K. (2001). The Job Satisfaction-Job Performance Relationship: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review. In Psychological Bulletin (Vol. 127, Issue 3).
Kafeel, N., & Alvi, A. K. (2015). What Play Significant Role In Increasing Turnover Intention: Job Hopping Or Perceived Organizational Politics? ResearchGate, 4781–4786. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337533528
Khan, M. A., Shafique, D. Z., & Qasim, A. (2022). The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support Program on Employee Performance in the Presence of Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Social Science And Human Research, 05(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i12-33
Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. Guilford Publications.
Lake, C. J., Highhouse, S., & Shrift, A. G. (2017). Validation of the Job-Hopping Motives Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(3), 531–548. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072717722765
Lee, R. L., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.2.123
Lim, J., & Moon, K. K. (2023). Exploring the Effect of Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Korean Firefighters. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054379
Lin, M. H., Yen, Y. H., Chuang, T. F., Yang, P. Sen, & Chuang, M. Da. (2024). The impact of job stress on job satisfaction and turnover intentions among bank employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1482968
Majeed, H., Shahid, M., Ibrahim Al-Sulaiti, K., & Al-Sulaiti, I. (2023). Emotional Exhaustion, Organizational Commitment, and Job Hopping in the Banking Sector: A Mediation Analysis Approach. Journal of Excellence in Management Sciences, 2(2), 44–61.
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout*. Journal Of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99–113.
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